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  • 必修1不规则动词规律总结

    时间:2021-02-12 18:04:36 来源:蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响 蒲公英阅读网手机站

    相关热词搜索:动词 不规则 必修

    必修1不规则动词规律总结 本文关键词:动词,不规则,必修,规律

    必修1不规则动词规律总结 本文简介:必修1不规则动词规律总结动词时态:英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示,这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。时间主要有四个主要部分:即现在、过去、将来和过去将来。动作方面也有四种:即一般、完成、进行和完成进行。把这些时间和动作方面结合在一起就构成16种

    必修1不规则动词规律总结 本文内容:

    必修

    1

    不规则动词规律总结

    动词时态:英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示,这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。

    时间主要有四个主要部分:

    即现在、过去、将来和

    过去将来。

    动作方面也有四种:

    即一般、完成、进行和完成进行。把这些时间和动作方面结合在一起就构成16种动词时态,具体如下:

    1.一般现在时(do);

    2.一般过去时(did);

    3.一般将来时(

    will

    do)

    (

    be

    going

    to

    do);

    4.一般过去将来时(

    would

    do);

    5.现在进行时(

    be

    doing);

    6.过去进行时(was/were

    doing);

    7.将来进行时(

    will

    be

    doing);

    8.过去将来进行时(

    would

    be

    doing)

    (

    was/were

    going

    to

    do);

    9.现在完成时(have

    done);

    10.过去完成时(

    had

    done);

    11.将来完成时(

    will

    have

    done);

    12.过去将来完成时(would

    have

    done);

    13.现在完成进行时(

    have

    been

    doing);

    14.过去完成进行时(

    had

    been

    doing);

    15.将来完成进行时(

    will

    have

    been

    doing);

    16.过去将来完成进行时(would

    have

    been

    doing)。

    ★动词一般现在时第三人称单数的变化规则

    1.

    一般在动词结尾直接加s

    E.g.

    help

    ---

    helps

    climb

    ---

    climbs

    talk

    ---

    talks

    sing

    ---

    sings

    2.

    以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加es;如果词尾已有e,直接加s

    E.g.

    guess

    ---

    guesses

    teach

    ---

    teaches

    watch

    ---

    watches

    wash

    ---

    washes

    go

    ---

    goes

    do

    ---

    does

    3.

    以辅音字母

    +

    y结尾的动词,变y为i后,加es

    E.g.

    study

    ---

    studies

    try

    ---

    tries

    fly

    ---

    flies

    规则动词的过去式及过去分词变化如下:

    1.

    一般情况下,动词词尾加

    -ed

    e.g.

    worked

    played

    wanted

    acted

    2

    .以不发音的

    -e

    结尾动词,动词词尾加

    -d

    e.g.

    lived

    moved

    decided

    raised

    3.

    以辅音字母

    +

    y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i

    再加-ed,e.g.

    studied

    tried

    copied

    cried

    carried

    4

    .以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加

    -ed

    eg.

    stopped

    begged

    dropped

    planned

    dripped

    不规则动词中的规律

    1.

    A---A---A型

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Cost

    花费

    cost

    cost

    Cut

    割/切

    cut

    cut

    Hit

    hit

    hit

    Let

    let

    let

    Put

    放下

    put

    put

    Hurt

    hurt

    hurt

    shut

    关闭

    shut

    shut

    set

    设置/放

    set

    set

    Read

    read

    read

    2.

    A---A---B型

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Beat

    beat

    beaten

    3.

    A---B---A型

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Come

    came

    come

    Become

    became

    become

    Run

    ran

    run

    4.

    A

    ---B

    ---B型

    1)

    在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    burn

    燃烧

    burned/burnt

    burned/burnt

    dream

    梦想

    dreamed/dreamt

    dreamed/dreamt

    learn

    学习

    learned/learnt

    learned/learnt

    mean

    意思

    meant

    meant

    spoil

    破坏,

    溺爱

    spoilt

    spoilt

    hear

    听见

    heard

    heard

    (2)在动词原形后加d构成过去式和过去分词

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Hear

    听到

    heard

    heard

    Lie

    撒谎

    lied

    lied

    (3)词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t构成过去式或过去分词。

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    build

    建筑

    built

    built

    lend

    借给

    lent

    lent

    send

    sent

    sent

    spend

    花费

    spent

    spent

    lose

    失去

    lost

    lost

    (4)改变动词原形中的元音字母:将i改为a,o,u等

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Win

    得胜

    won

    won

    Shine

    发光

    shone照耀/shined

    擦亮

    Shone

    照耀

    /shined

    擦亮

    Get

    得到

    got

    got

    Stand

    stood

    stood

    Understand

    明白

    understood

    understood

    Sit

    sat

    sat

    Stick

    刺入/粘贴

    stuck

    stuck

    Strike

    打/罢工

    struck

    struck/stricken

    Hold

    盛/握

    held

    held

    (5)过去式和过去分词都以-aught或-ought结尾

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Bring

    带来

    brought

    brought

    Buy

    bought

    bought

    Fight

    战斗

    fought

    fought

    Think

    thought

    thought

    Catch

    抓住

    caught

    caught

    Teach

    taught

    taught

    (6)某些以-ay结尾的动词,其过去式和过去分词是把-ay变成-aid

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Pay

    paid

    paid

    Lay

    下蛋

    laid

    laid

    Say

    said

    said

    (7)某些以-eep结尾的动词,其过去式和过去分词是把-eep改为-ept

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Sleep

    slept

    slept

    Keep

    保持

    kept

    kept

    Sweep

    swept

    swept

    (8)某些以-ell结尾的动词,其过去式和过去分词是把-ell改为-elt/

    -old,或在原形后加-ed

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Sell

    sold

    sold

    Tell

    告诉

    told

    told

    Smell

    smelt/smelled

    smelt/smelled

    Spell

    拼写

    spelt/spelled

    spelt/spelled

    (9)其他

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Find

    发现

    found

    found

    Have

    had

    had

    Make制造

    made

    made

    hang

    hanged绞死/

    hung挂

    hanged绞死/

    hung挂

    Feel

    觉得

    felt

    felt

    leave离开

    left

    left

    meet遇见

    met

    met

    shoot射击

    shot

    shot

    Dig

    dug

    dug

    5.

    A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)

    (1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Show

    展示

    showed

    shown

    Throw

    抛/扔

    threw

    thrown

    Blow

    blew

    blown

    Grow

    生长

    grew

    grown

    Know

    知道

    knew

    known

    Draw

    拉/绘画

    drew

    drawn

    Drive

    驾驶

    drove

    driven

    Rise

    升起

    rose

    risen

    Take

    took

    taken

    Give

    gave

    given

    Wake

    waked/

    woke

    waked/

    waken

    Write

    wrote

    written

    Ride

    rode

    ridden

    Hide

    hid

    hidden

    Eat

    ate

    eaten

    Fall

    落下

    fell

    fallen

    See

    看见

    saw

    seen

    Fly

    flew

    flown

    (2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Break

    破碎/折断

    broke

    broken

    Steal

    stole

    stolen

    Speak

    说话

    spoke

    spoken

    Choose

    选择

    chose

    chosen

    Freeze

    冻结

    froze

    frozen

    Forget

    忘记

    forgot

    forgotten

    (3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    Begin

    开始

    began

    begun

    Ring

    按铃

    rang

    rung

    Sing

    sang

    sung

    Sink

    sank

    sunk

    Swim

    游泳

    swam

    swum

    Drink

    drank

    drunk

    (4)其他不规则动词的变化。

    动词原形

    过去式

    过去分词

    be(am,is)

    was/

    were

    been

    be(are)

    were

    been

    Do

    did

    done

    Go

    went

    gone

    Lie

    lay

    lain

    Wear

    穿

    wore

    worn

    情态动词只有原形和过去式

    动词原形

    过去式

    动词原形

    过去式

    can

    could

    will

    would

    may

    might

    shall

    should

    篇2:初中英语动词短语总结

    初中英语动词短语总结 本文关键词:动词,短语,初中英语

    初中英语动词短语总结 本文简介:a)动词介词agreewith同意的意见(想法);符合baseon以(为)根据dreamof梦见dressup穿着打扮listento听getto到达falloff(从)掉下help.with.帮助(某人)做(某事)hearfromsb.收到某人的来信hearof听说knockat/on敲(门、窗)

    初中英语动词短语总结 本文内容:

    a)

    动词

    介词

    agree

    with

    同意的意见(想法);符合

    base

    on

    以(为)根据

    dream

    of

    梦见

    dress

    up

    穿着打扮

    listen

    to

    get

    to

    到达

    fall

    off

    (从)掉下

    help

    .

    with

    .

    帮助(某人)做(某事)

    hear

    from

    sb.

    收到某人的来信

    hear

    of

    听说

    knock

    at

    /on

    敲(门、窗)

    laugh

    at

    嘲笑

    learn

    .

    from

    .

    向学习

    live

    on

    继续存在;靠生活

    look

    after

    照顾,照看

    look

    at

    看;观看

    look

    for

    寻找

    look

    like

    看起来像

    pay

    for

    (sth.)

    付钱;支付

    point

    at

    指示;指向

    point

    to

    指向

    prefer

    to

    .

    宁愿(选择);

    更喜欢

    quarrel

    with

    (和某人)吵架

    regard

    .

    as

    .

    把当作;当作

    stop

    .

    from

    阻止做

    talk

    about

    说话;谈话;谈论

    talk

    with

    与交谈

    think

    of

    认为;想起

    b)

    动词

    副词

    ask

    for

    请求;询问

    blow

    out

    吹灭

    carry

    on

    坚持下去;继续下去

    cut

    down

    砍倒

    clean

    up

    清除;收拾干净

    come

    down

    下来;落

    come

    along

    来;随同

    come

    in

    进来

    come

    on

    来吧;跟着来;赶快

    come

    out

    出来

    ;出现;(花)

    开;发(芽)

    come

    over

    过来;顺便来访

    come

    across

    被理解;

    遇见

    come

    from

    出生于;来自

    drop

    off

    放下(某物);下车

    eat

    up

    吃光;吃完

    fall

    behind

    落在后面;输给别人

    fall

    down

    跌倒;从落下

    find

    out

    查出(真相)

    get

    back

    回来;取回

    get

    down

    下来;落下;把取下来

    get

    off

    下来;从下来

    get

    on

    上(车)

    get

    up

    起床

    give

    up

    放弃

    give

    in

    屈服

    give

    away

    捐赠

    give

    out

    分发

    go

    on

    继续

    go

    out

    出去

    go

    over

    过一遍;仔细检查

    grow

    up

    长大;成长

    hand

    in

    交上来

    hold

    on

    (口语)等一等;

    (打电话时)不挂断

    hurry

    up

    赶快

    look

    out

    留神;注意

    look

    over

    (仔细)检查

    look

    up

    向上看;抬头看

    pass

    on

    传递;转移到

    pick

    up

    拾起;捡起

    pick

    out

    挑出

    put

    away

    放好;把收起来

    put

    on

    穿上;戴上;(戏剧等)上演;放(唱片等)

    put

    down

    把(某物)

    放下来

    put

    up

    掛起;举起

    put

    out

    扑灭

    put

    off

    推迟

    run

    away

    流失;逃跑;逃走

    rush

    out

    冲出去

    set

    off

    出发;动身;启程

    send

    up

    发射;把往上送

    send

    away

    开除,撵走

    send

    for

    派人去请

    shut

    down

    把关上

    sit

    down

    坐下

    slow

    down

    减缓;减速

    sell

    out

    卖光,卖完

    take

    off

    脱掉(衣服)

    take

    out

    取出

    take

    down

    =write

    down

    =put

    down

    写下,记下

    throw

    about

    乱丢;抛撒

    throw

    away

    扔掉

    trip

    over

    (被

    )绊倒

    try

    on

    试穿

    (衣服、鞋等);试戴(帽子等)

    try

    out

    试验;尝试

    turn

    down

    关小;调低

    turn

    on

    打开(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)

    turn

    off

    关(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等)

    turn

    over

    (使)翻过来

    wake

    up

    醒来

    wear

    out

    把穿旧;磨坏

    work

    out

    算出;制订出

    cut

    down

    砍倒

    c)

    be

    形容词

    介词

    be

    angry

    with

    对(某人)发脾气

    be

    interested

    in对感兴趣

    be

    able

    to

    能;会

    be

    afraid

    of

    害怕

    be

    amazed

    at

    对感到惊讶

    be

    busy

    with

    /

    doing

    sth.

    忙于做某事

    be

    careful

    with

    小心

    be

    covered

    with

    被……覆盖

    be

    different

    from

    与……不同

    be

    excited

    about

    对感到兴奋

    be

    filled

    with

    用充满

    be

    full

    of

    充满

    be

    good

    at

    (=

    do

    well

    in

    )

    在方面做得好;善于

    be

    late

    for

    迟到

    be

    made

    in

    在生产或制造

    be

    made

    of

    由组成

    ;由构成

    be

    pleased

    with

    对感到满意

    be

    proud

    of

    以自豪(高兴)

    be

    used

    for

    用于

    be

    proud

    of

    为……而感到自豪

    be

    ready

    for

    为……作准备

    be

    surprised

    at

    对….感到惊奇

    be

    thankful

    to

    sb.

    对某人很感激

    d)

    动词

    名词

    /

    代词

    beg

    one//

    s

    pardon

    请原谅;对不起

    do

    morning

    exercises

    做早操

    do

    one//

    s

    homework

    做作业

    enjoy

    oneself

    (=

    have

    a

    good

    time)

    过得快乐;玩得愉快

    give

    a

    concert

    开音乐会

    go

    boating

    去划船

    go

    fishing

    去钓鱼

    go

    hiking

    去徒步旅行

    go

    skating

    去滑冰

    go

    shopping

    (去)买东西

    have

    a

    cold

    (患)感冒

    have

    a

    cough

    (患)咳嗽

    have

    a

    headache

    (患)头痛

    have

    a

    try

    尝试;努力

    have

    a

    look

    看一看

    have

    a

    rest

    休息

    have

    a

    seat

    (=

    take

    a

    seat

    )

    就坐;坐下

    have

    sports

    进行体育活动

    have

    supper

    吃晚餐

    hold

    a

    sports

    meeting

    举行运动会

    make

    a

    decision

    作出决定

    make

    a

    mistake

    犯错误

    make

    a

    noise

    吵闹

    make

    faces

    做鬼脸

    make

    friends

    交朋友

    make

    money

    赚钱

    take

    one//

    s

    place

    坐某人的座位,代替某人的职务

    teach

    oneself

    (=learn

    by

    oneself

    )

    自学

    take

    photos

    照相

    take

    time

    花费(时间)

    take

    turns

    轮流

    watch

    tv

    看电视

    e)

    动词

    名词

    /

    代词

    /

    副词

    介词

    catch

    up

    with

    赶上

    come

    up

    with

    找到;提出(答案、解决办法等)

    get

    on

    well

    with与相处融洽

    give

    birth

    to

    生(孩子)

    help

    yourself

    /

    yourselves

    to

    自取;随便吃

    make

    room

    for

    给腾出地方

    play

    a

    joke

    on

    戏弄人;对人恶作剧

    speak

    highly

    of

    称赞

    say

    good

    bye

    to

    告别;告辞

    take

    an

    active

    part

    in

    积极参加

    take

    care

    of

    照顾;照料;注意

    f)

    其他类型

    be

    awake

    醒着的

    be

    born

    出生

    be

    busy

    doing

    忙着做

    come

    true

    实现

    do

    one//

    s

    best

    尽最大努力

    fall

    asleep

    睡觉;入睡

    go

    home

    回家

    go

    on

    doing

    (sth.)

    继续做某事

    ;尽力

    get

    married

    结婚

    get

    together

    相聚

    had

    better

    (do)

    最好(做)

    keep

    doing

    sth.

    一直做某事

    make

    sure

    确保;确认;查明

    make

    up

    one//

    s

    mind

    下决心

    go

    ahead

    先走;向前走;去吧;干吧

    in

    a

    hurry

    匆忙

    in

    a

    minute

    一会儿

    in

    fact

    事实上;实际上

    in

    surprise

    惊奇地

    in

    the

    end

    最后;终于

    in

    the

    future

    在将来

    in

    time

    及时

    in

    trouble

    处于困境中

    instead

    of

    代替;而不是

    keep

    in

    touch

    (with)

    (与……)保持联系in

    fact

    事实上;实际上

    篇3:情态动词归纳总结

    情态动词归纳总结 本文关键词:情态,动词,归纳

    情态动词归纳总结 本文简介:情态动词归纳总结1.must与havetohaveto强调客观需要,must着重主观看法。另外haveto能用于更多时态,比较下面的句子:Wehadtobethereat10:00.有时两者都可以用,意思差别不大。e.g.Wemust/havetoleavenow.1)must“一定”或“准是”。(

    情态动词归纳总结 本文内容:

    情态动词归纳总结

    1.

    must与have

    to

    have

    to强调客观需要,must着重主观看法。另外have

    to能用于更多时态,比较下面的句子:

    We

    had

    to

    be

    there

    at

    10:00.

    有时两者都可以用,意思差别不大。

    e.

    g.

    We

    must/have

    to

    leave

    now.

    1)must

    “一定”或“准是”。(只有在肯定句中能这样用。)

    This

    must

    be

    your

    room.

    2)回答由must(“必须”)引起的问题,否定回答needn’t或don’t

    have

    to

    You

    mustn’t

    touch

    the

    fire.

    mustn’t“禁止,不准”

    Eg:---Must

    we

    finish

    the

    work

    tomorrow?

    ---No,you

    needn’t

    (don’t

    have

    to),but

    you

    must

    finish

    it

    in

    three

    days.

    3)

    表示“偏要,硬要”

    If

    you

    must

    go

    with

    me,I

    will

    have

    nothing

    to

    do

    but

    agree.

    4)表示坚定的建议。

    Eg:You

    mustn’t

    miss

    the

    film.

    It

    is

    very

    good.

    2.

    may的用法:

    1)

    表示“允许”或“请求”。

    eg.

    May

    I

    come

    in?

    在使用这一用法时需注意:

    may表示“允许”的否定形式must

    not或can

    not意思是“不应该”

    “不许可”。

    eg.

    —May

    I

    take

    this

    book

    out

    of

    the

    reading-room?

    —No,you

    mustn’t/can’t.

    2)表示说话人的猜测,认为某一事情“或许”或“可能”发生。

    Eg:

    He

    may

    know

    the

    answer.

    He

    may

    not

    know

    the

    answer

    He

    can

    not

    know

    the

    answer

    3)

    may用在感叹句中可表示祝愿、愿望。

    eg:

    May

    you

    succeed.(祝你成功。)

    注意:may

    well

    +v.

    =

    be

    very

    likely

    to

    do

    很可能,能

    may

    as

    well

    +

    v.

    =

    had

    better/have

    no

    strong

    reason

    not

    to,意为“最好;满可以;倒不如”

    Eg:Her

    appearance

    has

    changed

    so

    much

    that

    you

    may

    well

    recognize

    her.

    You

    may

    as

    well

    do

    it

    at

    once.

    3.

    should是shall的过去式

    1)表示义务和责任

    Eg:You

    should

    do

    what

    your

    parents

    tell

    you.

    You

    should

    answer

    my

    question

    in

    English.

    2)

    表示猜测,推测

    Eg:This

    book

    should

    be

    published

    in

    two

    months.

    3)

    表示惊讶、失望、出乎意料等,常意为竟然。

    Eg:It

    seems

    so

    unfair

    that

    this

    should

    happen

    to

    me.

    4)用于虚拟语气。

    Eg:If

    it

    had

    not

    been

    for

    the

    doctor’s

    care,the

    girl

    should

    not

    be

    speaking

    to

    you

    now.

    I

    suggest

    that

    you

    should

    stay

    here.

    5)

    用于第一人称疑问句,表征询意见

    eg:

    Should

    I

    help

    you

    carry

    the

    basket?

    What

    should

    I

    do

    for

    them?

    我应当为他们做些什么?

    6)用于if条件句中,表示“万一”

    Eg:

    If

    you

    should

    see

    her,please

    tell

    her

    I

    have

    known

    the

    truth.

    4.shall

    的用法

    1)用于第一、三人称疑问句,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。

    Eg:Shall

    we

    begin

    at

    once?

    Shall

    they

    wait

    here

    or

    outside?

    2)用于第二、三人称陈述句,表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、决心或威胁。

    Eg:You

    shall

    fail

    if

    you

    don’t

    work

    harder.

    Everything

    he

    has

    shall

    be

    taken

    away.

    You

    shall

    get

    what

    you

    want

    if

    you

    follow

    me.

    3)用于所有人称,表示规章、法规、法令、预言等,可译为“必须”。

    eg:

    This

    law

    shall

    come

    into

    effect

    on

    May

    1st.

    5.

    情态动词will

    1)

    在疑问句中用于第二人称前,表示请求或询问对方的意见。

    eg:

    Will/would

    you

    pass

    the

    salt?

    请你把盐递给我,好吗?

    Won’t

    you

    come

    in

    and

    have

    a

    little

    tea?

    2)表示“主观意志”或“决心”。

    Eg:I

    have

    told

    him

    again

    and

    again

    to

    stop

    smoking,but

    he

    will

    not

    listen.

    If

    you

    will,I

    will

    put

    on

    the

    coat

    for

    you

    before

    mirror

    3)

    可以表示一种习惯性的动作,有“总是;会要”的意思。

    Eg:Every

    morning

    he

    will

    have

    a

    walk

    along

    this

    river.

    4)

    表示命令(说话者确信一定会得到执行)或允诺。

    Eg:They

    will

    get

    enough

    money

    from

    me.

    You’ll

    report

    to

    me

    afterwards.

    6.

    can

    (could)

    1)表示能力,could主要指过去时间。

    Two

    eyes

    can

    see

    more

    than

    one.

    两只眼比一只眼看得清。

    Could

    the

    girl

    read

    before

    she

    went

    to

    school?

    2)可能(注意:多用于否定句和疑问句中,表示主观认为的可能性)。

    He

    can′t

    (couldn′t)

    have

    enough

    money

    for

    a

    new

    car.

    ----Who

    can

    the

    person

    in

    blue

    be?

    ----It

    may

    be

    Mr.

    White

    Walking

    in

    the

    jungle

    can

    be

    dangerous.

    (客观上的可能性)

    在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。

    3)表示征求同意。

    Can/Could

    I

    have

    a

    look

    at

    your

    new

    pen?

    He

    asked

    whether

    he

    could

    take

    the

    book

    out

    of

    the

    reading—room.

    他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。

    4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。

    Where

    can

    (could)

    they

    have

    gone

    to?

    他们会去哪儿呢?

    He

    can′t

    (couldn′t)

    be

    over

    sixty.

    他不可能超过六十岁。

    How

    can

    you

    be

    so

    careless?

    你怎么这么粗心?

    5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。

    Can

    (Could)

    you

    lend

    me

    a

    hand?

    帮我一把好吗?

    I′m

    afraid

    we

    couldn′t

    give

    you

    an

    answer

    today.

    恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。

    can

    和be

    able

    to

    1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式,can,could;be

    able

    to有多种时态形式,而且侧重于表示能力。

    Mary

    can

    play

    the

    piano.

    She

    has

    been

    able

    to

    play

    it

    since

    she

    was

    5.

    玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。

    2)在过去时中,could经常表示能够做某事,事实上不一定去做,而was∕were

    able

    to表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。

    Yesterday

    I

    was

    able

    to

    get

    home

    before

    the

    heavy

    rain.

    7.would

    1)表意愿。

    They

    would

    not

    let

    him

    in

    because

    he

    was

    poorly

    dressed.

    2)表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。

    Would

    you

    mind

    cleaning

    the

    window?

    They

    wouldn′t

    have

    anything

    against

    it.

    3)表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。

    Every

    time

    she

    was

    in

    trouble,she

    would

    go

    to

    him

    for

    help.

    8.

    ought

    to

    1)“应该”(因责任、义务等该做),口气比should重。

    You

    oughtn′t

    to

    smoke

    so

    much.

    你不应该抽这么多烟。

    2)表推测,暗含很大的可能,语气较弱。

    Han

    Mei

    ought

    to

    know

    his

    telephone

    number.

    There′s

    a

    fine

    sunset;

    it

    ought

    to

    be

    a

    fine

    day

    tomorrow.

    今天有晚霞,明天应该是个好天。

    9.

    used

    to

    表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在不复发生或存在。

    There

    used

    to

    be

    a

    building

    at

    the

    street

    corner,but

    it

    has

    been

    pulled

    down.

    I

    usedn′t

    (didn′t

    use)

    to

    smoke.

    我过去不抽烟。

    10.

    need和dare的用法

    用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时,可用于各种句式。

    1.用作情态动词

    --Need

    I

    come?

    --Yes,you

    must.

    You

    needn′t

    telephone

    him

    now.

    She

    dare

    not

    go

    out

    alone

    at

    night.

    How

    dare

    you

    say

    I′m

    unfair?

    Not

    one

    of

    them

    dared

    mention

    this.

    2.用作实义动词

    (I

    dare

    say…为固定习语)

    You

    don′t

    need

    to

    do

    it

    yourself.

    你不必亲自做这件事。

    We

    need

    to

    tell

    them

    the

    news.

    我们需要把这消息告诉他们。

    The

    table

    needs

    painting

    (to

    be

    painted.).

    He

    did

    not

    dare

    (to)

    look

    up.

    他不敢抬头看。

    I

    dare

    say

    he′ll

    come

    again.

    我想他会再来的。

    情态动词后跟完成式和进行式的用法

    1.情态动词后跟完成式,表“应当已经……”,“想必已经……”,“本来可以……”等意。

    I

    should

    have

    finished

    the

    work

    earlier.

    我应当早一点完成这项工作的。

    He

    isn′t

    here.

    He

    must

    have

    missed

    the

    train.

    他还未到,一定是没赶上火车。

    Where

    can

    (could)

    he

    have

    gone?

    他能到那里去了呢?

    You

    may

    (might)

    have

    read

    about

    it.

    你可能在报上已经读到这件事了。

    You

    could

    (might)

    have

    been

    more

    careful.

    你本来可以更细心的。

    He

    needn′t

    have

    worried

    about

    it.

    他本不必为此事担心。

    There

    was

    a

    lot

    of

    fun

    at

    yesterday

    s

    party.

    You

    ought

    to

    have

    come,but

    why

    didn

    t

    you?

    昨天的聚会非常有意思。你本应该来,为何不来呢?

    2.

    情态动词后跟进行式,表示“想必正在……”,“可能正在……”,“应当正在”等意。

    It′s

    twelve

    o

    clock.

    They

    must

    be

    having

    lunch.

    现在是十二点。他们一定正在吃饭。

    They

    may

    be

    discussing

    this

    problem.

    他们可能正在论讨这个问题。

    He

    can

    t

    be

    telling

    the

    truth.

    他说的不可能是真话。

    She

    shouldn

    t

    be

    working

    like

    that.

    She

    s

    still

    so

    weak.

    她不应当那样干,她身体仍那么虚。

    Self-check

    1.

    I

    am

    not

    sure,but

    I

    think

    Bob

    ____

    come

    to

    see

    me

    today.

    2.Developed

    countries

    think

    that

    developing

    countries

    ____

    accept

    globalization.

    3.

    If

    you

    need

    any

    help,I

    ____

    be

    the

    first

    one

    to

    give

    it

    to

    you.

    5.

    All

    of

    us

    ______

    learn

    to

    be

    polite

    and

    should

    not

    smoke

    or

    talk

    loudly

    in

    a

    public

    place.

    6.

    Let’s

    get

    everything

    ready

    now.

    Our

    guests

    ___

    come

    at

    any

    time

    from

    now

    on.

    7.

    Look,the

    light

    is

    on.

    Bob

    ____

    be

    in

    the

    room

    now.

    8.

    I

    hope

    John

    ____

    come

    tomorrow.

    I

    have

    something

    important

    to

    tell

    him.

    9.

    Adults

    ______

    not

    be

    rude

    to

    children.

    Otherwise,they

    ___

    be

    rude

    to

    adults.

    10.

    I

    saw

    Mary

    in

    the

    bookstore

    a

    few

    minutes

    ago.

    She

    ____

    be

    in

    the

    classroom

    now.

    1.

    In

    crowded

    places

    like

    airports

    and

    railway

    stations,you

    ____

    take

    care

    of

    your

    luggage.

    (2007北京卷)

    A.

    can

    B.

    may

    C.

    must

    D.

    will

    2.

    ---

    How

    is

    your

    tour

    around

    the

    North

    Lake?

    Is

    it

    beautiful?

    ---

    It

    ________

    be,but

    it

    is

    now

    heavily

    polluted.

    A.

    will

    B.

    would

    C.

    should

    D.

    must

    3.

    —She

    looks

    very

    happy.

    She

    ______

    have

    passed

    the

    exam.

    —I

    guess

    so.

    It’s

    not

    difficult

    after

    all.

    (2007)

    A.

    shouldB.

    couldC.

    mustD.

    might

    4.

    —How

    is

    your

    tour

    around

    the

    North

    Lake,is

    it

    beautiful?

    —It

    ______

    be,but

    it

    is

    now

    heavily

    polluted.

    (2007)

    A.

    will

    B.

    would

    C.

    should

    D.

    must

    5.

    They

    have

    arrived

    at

    lunchtime

    but

    their

    flight

    was

    delayed.

    A.

    will

    B.

    can

    C.

    must

    D.

    should

    6.If

    you

    smoke,please

    go

    outside.

    A.

    can

    B.

    should

    C.

    must

    D.

    may

    7.

    —I

    don’t

    really

    like

    James.

    Why

    did

    you

    invite

    him?

    —Don’t

    worry.

    He

    come.

    He

    said

    he

    wasn’t

    certain

    what

    his

    plans

    were.

    A.

    must

    not

    B.

    need

    not

    C.

    would

    not

    D.

    might

    not

    8.

    Some

    young

    people

    these

    days

    just

    ___

    go

    out

    of

    their

    homes

    to

    contact

    the

    real

    world.

    A.

    mustn’tB.

    won’tC.

    mightn’tD.

    shouldn’t

    9.---Why

    didn’t

    you

    come

    to

    Simon’s

    party

    last

    night?

    ---

    I

    wanted

    to,but

    my

    mom

    simply

    ___

    not

    let

    me

    out

    so

    late

    at

    night.

    A.

    could

    B.

    might

    C.

    would

    D.

    should

    10.

    No

    one

    _____

    be

    compared

    with

    Yao

    Ming

    in

    playing

    basketball.

    A.

    can

    B.

    need

    C.

    must

    D.

    might

    11.

    ——Will

    you

    read

    me

    a

    story,Mummy?

    ——OK.

    You

    ______have

    one

    if

    you

    go

    to

    bed

    as

    soon

    as

    possible.

    A.

    might

    B.

    must

    C.

    could

    D.

    shall

    12.

    I_______through

    that

    bitter

    period

    without

    your

    generous

    help.

    A.

    couldn’t

    have

    gone

    B.

    didn’t

    go

    C.

    wouldn’t

    go

    D.

    hadn’t

    gone

    13.

    ——Shall

    I

    inform

    him

    of

    the

    change

    of

    the

    schedule

    right

    now?

    ——I

    am

    afraid

    you,in

    case

    he

    comes

    late

    for

    the

    meeting

    .

    A.

    will

    B.

    must

    C.

    may

    D.

    can

    4

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