历年考研英语真题

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　 2012 考研英语（一）真题参考答案

　Section Ⅰ Use of English

　 Directions:

　 Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)

　 The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue recently. The court cannot_____ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law______ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that_____ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial。

　 Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be____ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _____ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself_______ to the code of conduct that ______to the rest of the federal judiciary。

　 This and other cases ______the question of whether there is still a _____ between the court and politics。

　 The framers of the Constitution envisioned law____ having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions ____ they would be free to ____those in power and have no need to_____ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _____。

　 Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social ______like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _____is inescapably political — which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _____ as unjust。

　 The justices must _____doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _____to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _____, convincing as law。

　 1 A emphasizeB maintainC modifyD recognize 2 A whenB bestC beforeD unles

　3 A renderedB weakenedC establishedD eliminated

　 4 A challengedB compromisedC suspectedD accepted 5. A advancedB caught C boundD founded 6. A resistantB subjectC immuneD prone 7. A resortsB sticksC leadsD applies 8. A evadeB raiseC denyD settle 9. A lineB barrier C similarity D conflict 10. A byB asC throughD towards 11. A soB sinceC providedD though 12. A serveB satisfyC upsetD replace 13. A confirm B express C cultivate D offer 14 A guardedB followedC studiedD tied

　 15. A concepts B theories C divisions D convenience16. A excludes B questions C shapes D controls17. A dismissed B released C ranked D distorted18. A suppress B exploitC addressD ignore 19. A accessibleB. amiableC agreeable D accountable20. A by all meansB at all costsC in a wordD as a result

　 Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

　 Part A Directions:

　 Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40 points)

　 Text 2

　Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. It is not that pink intrinsically bad, but it is a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also

　 repeatedly and firmly fused girls’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests。

　 Girls" attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it"s not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What"s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children"s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem innately attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years。

　 I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into children"s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing gimmick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s。

　Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a "third stepping stone" between infant wear and older kids" clothes. It was only after "toddler" became common shoppers" term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences – or invent them where they did not previously exist。

　 26 By saying "it is ... The rainbow"(line 3, Para 1)， the author means pink _______。

　 A should not be the sole representation of girlhood

　 B should not be associated with girls" innocence

　 C cannot explain girls" lack of imagination

　 D cannot influence girls" lives and interests

　 27 According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?

　 A Colors are encoded in girls" DNA

　B Blue used to be regarded as the color for girls

　C Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing genders

　 D White is preferred by babies

　 28 The author suggests that our perception of children"s psychological devotement was much influenced by ________。

　 [A] the marketing of products for children[B] the observation of children"s nature

　 [C] researches into children"s behavior[D] studies of childhood consumption

　 29. We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised ________。

　 A focuses on infant wear and older kids" clothes

　 B attach equal importance to different genders

　 C classify consumers into smaller groups D create some common shoppers" terms

　 30. it can be concluded that girl"s attraction to pink seems to be _____。

　 A clearly explained by their inborn tendency B fully understood by clothing manufacturers

　 C mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmenD well interpreted by psychological experts

　 Part B Directions:

　 For questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which does not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)

　 Part C Directions:

　 Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. ( 10 points)

　 Section Ⅲ Writing

　Part A

　51. Directions:

　 You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　 Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice. Use "Postgraduates" Association" instead. ( 10 points)

　 Part B

　 52. Directions:

　 Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

　 describe the picture briefly,explain its intended meaning, and give your comments。

　You should write neatly on answer sheet 2.

　 2012 年全国硕士 研究生入学考试英语试题 National Entrance Test of English for MA/MSCandidates (NETEM) 跨考英语教研室—杨凤芝 Section Ⅰ Use of English

　Directions:

　 Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank

　 and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D]on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 10 points)

　 The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices became an important issue

　 recently. The court cannot_____ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of

　 law______ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances,

　 justices acted in ways that_____ the court’s reputation for being independent

　 and impartial。

　 Justices Antonin Scalia and Samuel Alito Jr., for example, appeared at

　 political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s

　 decisions will be____ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that

　 the justices are not _____ by an ethics code. At the very least, the court

　 should make itself_______ to the code of conduct that ______to the rest of the

　 federal judiciary。

　 This and other cases ______the question of whether there is still a _____

　 between the court and politics。

　 The framers of the Constitution envisioned law____ having authority apart

　 from politics. They gave justices permanent positions ____ they would be free

　 to ____those in power and have no need to_____ political support. Our legal

　 system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are

　 so closely _____。

　 Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in

　 fundamental social ______like liberty and property. When the court deals with

　 social policy decisions, the law it ____is inescapably political — which

　 is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _____ as unjust。

　 The justices must _____doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making

　 themselves _____to the code of conduct. That would make their rulings more

　 likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _____, convincing as law。

　 1 A emphasize B maintain C modify D recognize 2 A when B best C before D unless

　 3 A rendered B weakened C established D eliminated

　 4 A challenged B compromised C suspected D accepted 5. A advanced B caught C bound D founded 6. A resistant B subject C immune D prone 7. A resorts B sticks C leads D applies 8. A evade B raise C deny D settle 9. A line B barrier C simila...