译林牛津版英语七年下学期书面表达专题教案

时间：2021-05-10 20:07:28 来源：蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响人

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　 课程主题：

　书面表达

　教学内容

　书面表达之《议论文》 1. 体裁解读 议论文是针对某个问题或某个事件进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文三要素是论点、论据、论证。

　议论点表明作者对某一方面的问题所持的主张、观点和态度。

　论据是用来证明论点的根据。它包括事实论据和理论论据。事实论据即通常所说的“摆事实”，如客观存在的现实、发生的事件、确切的数字及案例等；而理论论据即通常所讲的“讲道理”，如原理、规则、法则、名人名言、经典著作等。

　论证如同一条线，把需要的论据围绕着论点组织起来，贯穿在一起。

　2. 写作攻略 初中生在写议论文时要首先考虑自己的观点是什么，明确观点后要围绕观点进行论证，最后再进行总结。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。初中议论文的写作格式一般为三段式：开头、主体和结尾。一般写作步骤如下：

　第一步：确定主题，引出论点； 第二步：通过摆事实、讲道理来支持自己的观点。所用的事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论联系在一起； 第三步：得出结论。要简明扼要、回扣全文。

　写作模板

　模板 ① 观点态度型（一）

　Many students think that _____________, because _____________

　 But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view. I think, 引出一种观点 阐述自己的观点 ， 并论证自己的观点

　 _____________, so _____________（ 我 的 看 法 ）. First of all, _____________（ 原 因 一 ）. Secondly, _____________（原因二）. Thirdly/Most important of all, _____________（原因三）. All in all/In a word, I hold the opinion that _____________（总结观点）. And I hope _____________（提出愿望）.

　 【模板范文】

　Many students think that they do not need to learn English, because they don"t plan to go abroad. But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view. I think that English is very important to us, so we should learn English well. First of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use English because most of them speak and write in English. Secondly, in the world today most books are written in English. If you know much English, you can read newspapers and magazines in English. Most important of all, you can learn something more widely. All in all, I hold the opinion that we should learn English well. And I hope that all the students can use English freely. 模板 ② 观点态度型（二）

　The topic of

　 主题

　 is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say

　 A

　 is their favourite. They hold their view for the reason of

　 理由一

　. What’s more,

　 理由二

　. Moreover,

　 理由三

　. While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. First,

　 理由一

　. Second(Besides),

　 理由二

　. Third(Finally),

　 理由三

　.

　From my point of view, I think

　 我的观点

　. The reason is that

　 原因

　. As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former (later) is surely a wise choice. 模板 ③ 说明利弊型 Nowadays, _____________ like to _____________（社会现象）. About this different people have different opinions.

　On the one hand, some people think _____________（优点一）. Moreover _____________（优点二）. But every coin has two sides. Firstly, _____________（缺点一）. Besides, _____________（缺点二）. I think _____________（我的观点）.

　总结自己的观点 介绍一种社会现象并引出论点 阐述优点并论证 阐述缺点并论证 总结自己的观点

　 【模板范文】

　Nowadays, many students like to make friends online. About this different people have different opinions. On the one hand, some people think it"s interesting to talk with friends online. So you will never feel lonely when you are alone. If you are lucky enough to make a friend from English speaking country, you can improve your English greatly. Moreover, it"s pretty cool to have several foreign friends. But every coin has two sides. Firstly, only a few people have made really good friends online. Many people are cheated by the ＂friends＂. Besides, it is terrible for students to spend much time making friends and talking online. Some people say making friends online is making trouble. I think there is something in what they say. 模板 ④ 解决方法型 In recent days, we have to face a problem: that is _____________（问题）. For example, some _____________（例一）; some _____________（例二）; some _____________（例三）and still some _____________（例四）. Faced with this, we should take a series of effective measures to deal with it. For one thing, we should _____________（解决方法一）. For another thing, we"d better _____________（解决方法二). Because, we should _____________（解决方法三）. In my opinion, if _____________ , we will _____________.

　【模板范文】

　In recent days, we have to face a problem: that is many students have bad eating habits. For example, some go to school without breakfast; some like to eat snacks; some always like to eat the same food; and still some eat or drink too much. All these habits are bad for our health. Faced with this, we should take a series of effective measures to deal with it. For one thing, we should eat all kinds of healthy foods, such as rice, fish, meat, vegetables and fruit. For another thing, we"d better have meals at the right time. Besides, we should not eat too much especially before we go to bed. In my opinion, if we have god eating habits, we will have good health. And we can study beer. 常用表达 1. 表示反对 oppose v. 反对

　be against... 反对…… be opposed to 反对，不赞成

　object to... 反对，对……反感 disagree with 不同意；不一致

　 on the contrary反之，正相反 阐述一种现象并具体说现状 提出解决方案 “我”的观点以及对未来的憧憬

　 2. 表示赞同 support v. 支持

　stand by支持 in favour of 有利于；赞成，支持

　 agree v. 同意 3. 表示对比 on one hand/side 一方面 on the other hand/side 另一方面 4. 表示递进 further more 进一步

　 in addition 此外 besides 除此之外 5. 表示顺序 last/finally adv. 最后

　 first of all 首先 what"s more 而且

　the last point 最后一点 last but not least 最后但同样重要的是 6. 表示转折 yet adv. 然而

　 however adv. 可是，然而 in all 总的说来

　in a word 简而言之 in short 总之 8. 其他 nowadays adv. 现在

　 discussion n. 讨论 argument n. 争论

　as follows 如下 mental health 心理健康

　 establish v. 创建 limited adj. 有限的

　 reduce stress减压 in the opening times 在开放时代 take a series of effective measures 采取一系列有效措施 高分 句型 【夺人眼球篇首句】

　1. Nowadays, there is a wide-spread concern over…

　 现今，……引起了人们的广泛关注。

　2. Nowadays, people are paying a lot more attention to…

　 如今，人们把更多的注意力放在……上。

　3. It is universally acknowledged that... 众所周知的是…… 4. It"s commonly/generally believed that... 人们普遍认为…… 5. Recently, sb. has/there is a discussion about…

　 近来，（某人）就……展开了一次讨论。

　6. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.

　 大体上，有以下几方面优点。

　7. Recently, the students of my class had a discussion about whether Grade Two students should go to school in the evening. 近来，我们班针对二年级的学生是否应该夜间上课展开了讨论。

　【亮点出彩篇中句】

　1. People have different opinions on this problem.

　 在这个问题上人们有不同的观点。

　2. It has to be noticed that... 需要注意的是…… 3. As to me, I am not in favour of this point of view.

　对我来说，我不赞成这种观点。

　4. I hold an opinion that... 我认为…… 5. Ithink it harmful to... 我认为……是有害的。

　6. There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问的是…… 7. There is no denying that... 不可否认的是…… 8. Compared to/In comparison with..., ... are more... 与……相比，……更…… 9. Unlike A, B... 不像 A一样，B……… 10. It"s good/beneficial for sb.to do...

　 对某人来讲做……是有好处的/有益处的。

　11. What"s more, everything has its own two sides.

　而且，任何事情都有两个方面。

　12. What calls for special attention is that... 需要特别注意的是…… 13. Further, we hold the opinion that... 还有，我们的意见是…… 14. I can"t agree with their opinions for the reasons below.

　 我不同意他们的观点，原因如下。

　15. My argument/advice for this problem goes as follows.

　针对这一问题，我的观点/建议如下。

　16. I can"t entirely agree with the idea that... I believe...

　我不能完全同意……的观点。我认为……

　 17. They can ask their teachers and parents for advice on how to solve problems.

　 他们可以向他们的老师和家长寻求解决这些问题的建议 18. However, unlike the former students, some others think they should have their own time to study.

　然而，与前面这些学生观点不同的其他一些学生认为，他们应该拥有自己的学习时间。

　19. There is no doubt that it is harmful if a person works without rest.

　毫无疑问一个人只工作不休息的话是有害的。

　20. Just as the saying goes, ＂A smile can make you ten years younger.＂

　正如俗语所讲：＂笑一笑，十年少。＂ 【韵味无穷结尾句】

　1. From above, we can predict that…

　从以上情况，我们可以预测…… 2. I will conclude by saying... 总结一下就是说…… 3. Therefore, we have the reason to believe that... 因此，我们有理由相信…… 4. As a student, we should face all the possible difficulties in our life positively.

　 作为学生，我们应该乐观地面对生活中所有可能存在的困难。

　5. I agree with the later. I think we should develop our own self-study habit.

　 我同意后者。我认为我们应该培养自主学习的习惯。

　6. From my point of view, our life would be better if we learned how to reduce stress.

　 我认为，如果我们学会了如何减压，我们的生活会更好。

　知识点二 书面表达之《说明文》 说明文是中考书面表达题中常见的写作形式。在初中阶段，说明文主要要求考生将活动、人物、地点等要素进行清楚的描述，考查考生的观察能力和将图表或所给提示转化为完整文字信息的能力。

　要写出一篇合乎要求的说明文，应注意以下几点：

　一审

　要想做到文章切题、要点齐全，审题至关重要。下笔之前要将所给的材料看清楚，读懂材料所要表达的内容或情景。

　二定

　一定要点：根据所给材料要点，定出中心句。注意适当发挥，避免逐字逐句翻译。二定方法：常用的说明方法有举例法、过程分析法、分类法、因果分析法、比较法、细节法等。要根据说明的对象、目的来选择最佳的说明方法。

　 三理

　理顺各中心句之间的关系，排列好各中心句的顺序。说明文常用的结构安排顺序有以下三种：时间顺序、空间顾序和逻辑顺序。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚、脉络明晰。

　四查

　查写作要点，查段落层次，查时态语态，查用词、拼写、标点等。通过检查，可以避免一些不必要的错误，使文章趋于完美。

　说明文主要包括：

　（一）人物说明文 ◆ ◆写作要求 写作要求 人物说明文一般包括人物的出生年月、主要经历、事迹成就、影响和评价等。首先要全面了解这个人，然后根据需要选取写作素材，简明扼要又重点突出地去介绍，力求真实准确，恰如其分。人物介绍一般都是从外形到性格，或从一般经历到创造性的贡献，在最后常有结论性的评语。

　写人物说明文一般包括以下几点：

　1. ...