比尔盖茨哈佛大学毕业典礼上演讲稿下

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比尔盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲稿下 本文关键词：哈佛，大学毕业，演讲稿，典礼，比尔盖茨

比尔盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲稿下 本文简介：比尔盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲稿（下）Thebiggerproblemisnottheplanecrash,butthemillionsofpreventabledeaths.显然，更重要的问题不是这次空难，而是其他几百万可以预防的死亡事件。Wedon’treadmuchaboutthesede

比尔盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲稿下 本文内容：

比尔盖茨在哈佛大学毕业典礼上的演讲稿（下）

The

bigger

problem

is

not

the

plane

crash,but

the

millions

of

preventable

deaths.

显然，更重要的问题不是这次空难，而是其他几百万可以预防的死亡事件。

We

don’t

read

much

about

these

deaths.

The

media

covers

what’s

new

–

and

millions

of

people

dying

is

nothing

new.

So

it

stays

in

the

background,where

it’s

easier

to

ignore.

But

even

when

we

do

see

it

or

read

about

it,it’s

difficult

to

keep

our

eyes

on

the

problem.

It’s

hard

to

look

at

suffering

if

the

situation

is

so

complex

that

we

don’t

know

how

to

help.

And

so

we

look

away.

我们并没有很多机会了解那些死亡事件。媒体总是报告新闻，几百万人将要死去并非新闻。如果没有人报道，那么这些事件就很容易被忽视。另一方面，即使我们确实目睹了事件本身或者看到了相关报道，我们也很难持续关注这些事件。看着他人受苦是令人痛苦的，何况问题又如此复杂，我们根本不知道如何去帮助他人。所以我们会将脸转过去。

If

we

can

really

see

a

problem,which

is

the

first

step,we

come

to

the

second

step:

cutting

through

the

complexity

to

find

a

solution.

就算我们真正发现了问题所在，也不过是迈出了第一步，接着还有第二步：那就是从复杂的事件中找到解决办法。

Finding

solutions

is

essential

if

we

want

to

make

the

most

of

our

caring.

If

we

have

clear

and

proven

answers

nytime

an

organization

or

individual

asks

How

can

I

help?,then

we

can

get

action

–

and

we

can

make

sure

that

none

of

the

caring

in

the

world

is

wasted.

But

complexity

makes

it

hard

to

mark

a

path

of

action

for

everyone

who

cares

—

and

that

makes

it

hard

for

their

caring

to

matter.

如果我们要让关心落到实处，我们就必须找到解决办法。如果我们有一个清晰的和可靠的答案，那么当任何组织和个人发出疑问

“如何我能提供帮助”

的时候，我们就能采取行动。我们就能够保证不浪费一丁点全世界人类对他人的关心。但是，世界的复杂性使得很难找到对全世界每一个有爱心的人都有效的行动方法，因此人类对他人的关心往往很难产生实际效果。

Cutting

through

complexity

to

find

a

solution

runs

through

four

predictable

stages:

determine

a

goal,find

the

highest-leverage

approach,discover

the

ideal

technology

for

that

approach,and

in

the

meantime,make

the

smartest

application

of

the

technology

that

you

already

have

—

whether

it’s

something

sophisticated,like

a

drug,or

something

simpler,like

a

bednet.

从这个复杂的世界中找到解决办法，可以分为四个步骤：确定目标，找到最高效的方法，发现适用于这个方法的新技术，同时最聪明地利用现有的技术，不管它是复杂的药物，还是最简单的蚊帐。

The

AIDS

epidemic

offers

an

example.

The

broad

goal,of

course,is

to

end

the

disease.

The

highest-leverage

approach

is

prevention.

The

ideal

technology

would

be

a

vaccine

that

gives

lifetime

immunity

with

a

single

dose.

So

governments,drug

companies,and

foundations

fund

vaccine

research.

But

their

work

is

likely

to

take

more

than

a

decade,so

in

the

meantime,we

have

to

work

with

what

we

have

in

hand

–

and

the

best

prevention

approach

we

have

now

is

getting

people

to

avoid

risky

behavior.

艾滋病就是一个例子。总的目标，毫无疑问是消灭这种疾病。最高效的方法是预防。最理想的技术是发明一种疫苗，只要注射一次，就可以终生免疫。所以，政府、制药公司、基金会应该资助疫苗研究。但是，这样研究工作很可能十年之内都无法完成。因此，与此同时，我们必须使用现有的技术，目前最有效的预防方法就是设法让人们避免那些危险的行为。

[NextPage]

Pursuing

that

goal

starts

the

four-step

cycle

again.

This

is

the

pattern.

The

crucial

thing

is

to

never

stop

thinking

and

working

–

and

never

do

what

we

did

with

malaria

and

tuberculosis

in

the

20th

century

–

which

is

to

surrender

to

complexity

and

quit.

要实现这个新的目标，又可以采用新的四步循环。这是一种模式。关键的东西是永远不要停止思考和行动。我们千万不能再犯上个世纪在疟疾和肺结核上犯过的错误，那时我们因为它们太复杂，而放弃了采取行动。

The

final

step

–

after

seeing

the

problem

and

finding

an

approach

–

is

to

measure

the

impact

of

your

work

and

share

your

successes

and

failures

so

that

others

learn

from

your

efforts.

在发现问题和找到解决方法之后，就是最后一步

——

评估工作结果，将你的成功经验或者失败经验传播出去，这样其他人就可以从你的努力中有所收获。

You

have

to

have

the

statistics,of

course.

You

have

to

be

able

to

show

that

a

program

is

vaccinating

millions

more

children.

You

have

to

be

able

to

show

a

decline

in

the

number

of

children

dying

from

these

diseases.

This

is

essential

not

just

to

improve

the

program,but

also

to

help

draw

more

investment

from

business

and

government.

当然，你必须有一些统计数字。你必须让他人知道，你的项目为几百万儿童新接种了疫苗。你也必须让他人知道，儿童死亡人数下降了多少。这些都是很关键的，不仅有利于改善项目效果，也有利于从商界和政府得到更多的帮助。

But

if

you

want

to

inspire

people

to

participate,you

have

to

show

more

than

numbers;

you

have

to

convey

the

human

impact

of

the

work

–

so

people

can

feel

what

saving

a

life

means

to

the

families

affected.

但是，这些还不够，如果你想激励其他人参加你的项目，你就必须拿出更多的统计数字；你必须展示你的项目的人性因素，这样其他人就会感到拯救一个生命，对那些处在困境中的家庭到底意味着什么。

I

remember

going

to

Davos

some

years

back

and

sitting

on

a

global

health

panel

that

was

discussing

ways

to

save

millions

of

lives.

Millions!

Think

of

the

thrill

of

saving

just

one

person’s

life

–

then

multiply

that

by

millions.

…

Yet

this

was

the

most

boring

panel

I’ve

ever

been

on

–

ever.

So

boring

even

I

couldn’t

bear

it.

几年前，我去瑞士达沃斯旁听一个全球健康问题论坛，会议的内容有关于如何拯救几百万条生命。天哪，是几百万！想一想吧，拯救一个人的生命已经让人何等激动，现在你要把这种激动再乘上几百万倍……

但是，不幸的是，这是我参加过的最最乏味的论坛，乏味到我无法强迫自己听下去。

What

made

that

experience

especially

striking

was

that

I

had

just

come

from

an

event

where

we

were

introducing

version

13

of

some

piece

of

software,and

we

had

people

jumping

and

shouting

with

excitement.

I

love

getting

people

excited

about

software

–

but

why

can’t

we

generate

even

more

excitement

for

saving

lives?

那次经历之所以让我难忘，是因为之前我们刚刚发布了一个软件的第

13

个版本，我们让观众激动得跳了起来，喊出了声。我喜欢人们因为软件而感到激动，那么我们为什么不能够让人们因为能够拯救生命而感到更加激动呢？

You

can’t

get

people

excited

unless

you

can

help

them

see

and

feel

the

impact.

And

how

you

do

that

–

is

a

complex

question.

除非你能够让人们看到或者感受到行动的影响力，否则你无法让人们激动。如何做到这一点，并不是一件简单的事。

[NextPage]

Still,I’m

optimistic.

Yes,inequity

has

been

with

us

forever,but

the

new

tools

we

have

to

cut

through

complexity

have

not

been

with

us

forever.

They

are

new

–

they

can

help

us

make

the

most

of

our

caring

–

and

that’s

why

the

future

can

be

different

from

the

past.

同前面一样，在这个问题上，我依然是乐观的。不错，人类的不平等有史以来一直存在，但是那些能够化繁为简的新工具，却是最近才出现的。这些新工具可以帮助我们，将人类的同情心发挥最大的作用，这就是为什么将来同过去是不一样的。

The

defining

and

ongoing

innovations

of

this

age

–

biotechnology,the

computer,the

Internet

–

give

us

a

chance

we’ve

never

had

before

to

end

extreme

poverty

and

end

death

from

preventable

disease.

这个时代无时无刻不在涌现出新的革新

——

生物技术，计算机，互联网

——

它们给了我们一个从未有过的机会，去终结那些极端的贫穷和非恶性疾病的死亡。

Sixty

years

ago,George

Marshall

came

to

this

commencement

and

announced

a

plan

to

assist

the

nations

of

post-war

urope.

He

said:

I

think

one

difficulty

is

that

the

problem

is

one

of

such

enormous

complexity

that

the

very

mass

of

facts

presented

to

the

public

by

press

and

radio

make

it

exceedingly

difficult

for

the

man

in

the

street

to

reach

a

clear

appraisement

of

the

situation.

It

is

virtually

impossible

at

this

distance

to

grasp

at

all

the

real

significance

of

the

situation.

六十年前，乔治

.

马歇尔也是在这个地方的毕业典礼上，宣布了一个计划，帮助那些欧洲国家的战后建设。他说：

“我认为，困难的一点是这个问题太复杂，报纸和电台向公众源源不断地提供各种事实，使得大街上的普通人极端难于清晰地判断形势。事实上，经过层层传播，想要真正地把握形势，是根本不可能的。”

Thirty

years

after

Marshall

made

his

address,as

my

class

graduated

without

me,technology

was

emerging

that

would

make

the

world

smaller,more

open,more

visible,less

distant.

马歇尔发表这个演讲之后的三十年，我那一届学生毕业，当然我不在其中。那时，新技术刚刚开始萌芽，它们将使得这个世界变得更小、更开放、更容易看到、距离更近。

The

emergence

of

low-cost

personal

computers

gave

rise

to

a

powerful

network

that

has

transformed

opportunities

for

learning

and

communicating.

低成本的个人电脑的出现，使得一个强大的互联网有机会诞生，它为学习和交流提供了巨大的机会。

The

magical

thing

about

this

network

is

not

just

that

it

collapses

distance

and

makes

everyone

your

neighbor.

It

also

dramatically

increases

the

number

of

brilliant

minds

we

can

have

working

together

on

the

same

problem

–

and

that

scales

up

the

rate

of

innovation

to

a

staggering

degree.

网络的神奇之处，不仅仅是它缩短了物理距离，使得天涯若比邻。它还极大地增加了怀有共同想法的人们聚集在一起的机会，我们可以为了解决同一个问题，一起共同工作。这就大大加快了革新的进程，发展速度简直快得让人震惊。

At

the

same

time,for

every

person

in

the

world

who

has

access

to

this

technology,five

people

don’t.

That

means

many

creative

minds

are

left

out

of

this

discussion

--

smart

people

with

practical

intelligence

and

relevant

experience

who

don’t

have

the

technology

to

hone

their

talents

or

contribute

their

ideas

to

the

world.

与此同时，世界上有条件上网的人，只是全部人口的六分之一。这意味着，还有许多具有创造性的人们，没有加入到我们的讨论中来。那些有着实际的操作经验和相关经历的聪明人，却没有技术来帮助他们，将他们的天赋或者想法与全世界分享。

[NextPage]

We

need

as

many

people

as

possible

to

have

access

to

this

technology,because

these

advances

are

triggering

a

revolution

in

what

human

beings

can

do

for

one

another.

They

are

making

it

possible

not

just

for

national

governments,but

for

universities,corporations,smaller

organizations,and

even

individuals

to

see

problems,see

approaches,and

measure

the

impact

of

their

efforts

to

address

the

hunger,poverty,and

desperation

George

Marshall

spoke

of

60

years

ago.lunwen001.cn

provided

我们需要尽可能地让更多的人有机会使用新技术，因为这些新技术正在引发一场革命，人类将因此可以互相帮助。新技术正在创造一种可能，不仅是政府，还包括大学、公司、小机构、甚至个人，能够发现问题所在、能够找到解决办法、能够评估他们努力的效果，去改变那些马歇尔六十年前就说到过的问题

——

饥饿、贫

穷和绝望。

Members

of

the

Harvard

Family:

Here

in

the

Yard

is

one

of

the

great

collections

of

intellectual

talent

in

the

world.

哈佛是一个大家庭。这个院子里在场的人们，是全世界最有智力的人类群体之一。

What

for?

我们可以做些什么？

There

is

no

question

that

the

faculty,the

alumni,the

students,and

the

benefactors

of

Harvard

have

used

their

power

to

improve

the

lives

of

people

here

and

around

the

world.

But

can

we

do

more?

Can

Harvard

dedicate

its

intellect

to

improving

the

lives

of

people

who

will

never

even

hear

its

name?

毫无疑问，哈佛的老师、校友、学生和资助者，已经用他们的能力改善了全世界各地人们的生活。但是，我们还能够再做什么呢？有没有可能，哈佛的人们可以将他们的智慧，用来帮助那些甚至从来没有听到过

“哈佛”

这个名字的人？

Let

me

make

a

request

of

the

deans

and

the

professors

–

the

intellectual

leaders

here

at

Harvard:

As

you

hire

new

faculty,award

tenure,review

curriculum,and

determine

degree

requirements,please

ask

yourselves:lunwen001.cn

provided

请允许我向各位院长和教授，提出一个请求

——

你们是哈佛的智力领袖，当你们雇用新的老师、授予终身教职、评估课程、决定学位颁发标准的时候，请问你们自己如下的问题：

Should

our

best

minds

be

dedicated

to

solving

our

biggest

problems?

我们最优秀的人才是否在致力于解决我们最大的问题？

Should

Harvard

encourage

its

faculty

to

take

on

the

world’s

worst

inequities?

Should

Harvard

students

learn

about

the

depth

of

global

poverty

…

the

prevalence

of

world

hunger

…

the

scarcity

of

clean

water

…the

girls

kept

out

of

school

…

the

children

who

die

from

diseases

we

can

cure?

哈佛是否鼓励她的老师去研究解决世界上最严重的不平等？哈佛的学生是否从全球那些极端的贫穷中学到了什么

……

世界性的饥荒

……

清洁的水资源的缺乏

……

无法上学的女童

……

死于非恶性疾病的儿童

……

哈佛的学生有没有从中学到东西？

Should

the

world’s

most

privileged

people

learn

about

the

lives

of

the

world’s

least

privileged?

那些世界上过着最优越生活的人们，有没有从那些最困难的人们身上学到东西？

These

are

not

rhetorical

questions

–

you

will

answer

with

your

policies.

这些问题并非语言上的修辞。你必须用自己的行动来回答它们。

[NextPage]

My

mother,who

was

filled

with

pride

the

day

I

was

admitted

here

–

never

stopped

pressing

me

to

do

more

for

others.

A

few

days

before

my

wedding,she

hosted

a

bridal

event,at

which

she

read

aloud

a

letter

about

marriage

that

she

had

written

to

Melinda.

My

mother

was

very

ill

with

cancer

at

the

time,but

she

saw

one

more

opportunity

to

deliver

her

message,and

at

the

close

of

the

letter

she

said:

From

those

to

whom

much

is

given,much

is

expected.lunwen001.cn

provided

我的母亲在我被哈佛大学录取的那一天，曾经感到非常骄傲。她从没有停止督促我，去为他人做更多的事情。在我结婚的前几天，她主持了一个新娘进我家的仪式。在这个仪式上，她高声朗读了一封关于婚姻的信，这是她写给

Melinda

的。那时，我的母亲已经因为癌症病入膏肓，但是她还是认为这是又一个传播她

的信念的机会。在那封信的结尾，她写道：

“对于那些接受了许多帮助的人们，他们还在期待更多的帮助。”

When

you

consider

what

those

of

us

here

in

this

Yard

have

been

given

–

in

talent,privilege,and

opportunity

–

there

is

almost

no

limit

to

what

the

world

has

a

right

to

expect

from

us.

想一想吧，我们在这个院子里的这些人，被给予过什么

——

天赋、特权、机遇

——

那么可以这样说，全世界的人们几乎有无限的权力，期待我们做出贡献。

In

line

with

the

promise

of

this

age,I

want

to

exhort

each

of

the

graduates

here

to

take

on

an

issue

–

a

complex

problem,a

deep

inequity,and

become

a

specialist

on

it.

If

you

make

it

the

focus

of

your

career,that

would

be

henomenal.

But

you

don’t

have

to

do

that

to

make

an

impact.

For

a

few

hours

every

week,you

can

use

the

growing

power

of

the

Internet

to

get

informed,find

others

with

the

same

interests,see

the

barriers,and

find

ways

to

cut

through

them.lunwen001.cn

provided

同这个时代的期望一样，我也要向今天各位毕业的同学提出一个忠告：你们要选择一个问题，一个复杂的问题，一个有关于人类深刻的不平等的问题，然后你们要变成这个问题的专家。如果你们能够使得这个问题成为你们职业的核心，那么你们就会非常杰出。但是，你们不必一定要去做那些大事。每个星期只用几个小时，你就可以通过互联网得到信息，找到志同道合的朋友，发现困难所在，找到解决它们的途径。

Don’t

let

complexity

stop

you.

Be

activists.

Take

on

the

big

inequities.

It

will

be

one

of

the

great

experiences

of

your

lives.

不要让这个世界的复杂性阻碍你前进。要成为一个行动主义者。将解决人类的不平等视为己任。它将成为你生命中最重要的经历之一。

You

graduates

are

coming

of

age

in

an

amazing

time.

As

you

leave

Harvard,you

have

technology

that

members

of

my

class

never

had.

You

have

awareness

of

global

inequity,which

we

did

not

have.

And

with

that

awareness,you

likely

also

have

an

informed

conscience

that

will

torment

you

if

you

abandon

these

people

whose

lives

you

could

change

with

very

little

effort.

You

have

more

than

we

had;

you

must

start

sooner,and

carry

on

longer.

在座的各位毕业的同学，你们所处的时代是一个神奇的时代。当你们离开哈佛的时候，你们拥有的技术，是我们那一届学生所没有的。你们已经了解到了世界上的不平等，我们那时还不知道这些。有了这样的了解之后，要是你再弃那些你可以帮助的人们于不顾，就将受到良心的谴责，只需一点小小的努力，你就可以改变那些人们的生活。你们比我们拥有更大的能力；你们必须尽早开始，尽可能长时期坚持下去。

Knowing

what

you

know,how

could

you

not?

知道了你们所知道的一切，你们怎么可能不采取行动呢？

And

I

hope

you

will

come

back

here

to

Harvard

30

years

from

now

and

reflect

on

what

you

have

done

with

your

talent

and

your

energy.

I

hope

you

will

judge

yourselves

not

on

your

professional

accomplishments

alone,but

also

on

how

well

you

have

addressed

the

world’s

deepest

inequities

…

on

how

well

you

treated

people

a

world

away

who

have

nothing

in

common

with

you

but

their

humanity.

我希望，

30

年后你们还会再回到哈佛，想起你们用自己的天赋和能力所做出的一切。我希望，在那个时候，你们用来评价自己的标准，不仅仅是你们的专业成就，而包括你们为改变这个世界深刻的不平等所做出的努力，以及你们如何善待那些远隔千山万水、与你们毫不涉及的人们，你们与他们唯一的共同点就是同为人类。

Good

luck.

最后，祝各位同学好运。