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  • 初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版

    时间:2021-03-25 00:23:10 来源:蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响 蒲公英阅读网手机站

    相关热词搜索:时态 归纳 八种

    初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文关键词:时态,归纳,八种,表格,初中英语

    初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文简介:初中英语八种时态归纳时态意义时间状语结构及变化一般现在时经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),Onceaweek,OnSundays①be动词:肯定:主语+be(am/is/ar

    初中英语八种时态归纳总结表格版 本文内容:

    初中英语八种时态归纳

    时态

    意义

    时间状语

    结构及变化

    经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

    always,usually,often,sometimes,every

    week

    (day,year,month…),Once

    a

    week,On

    Sundays

    ①be动词:

    肯定:主语+

    be(am/

    is

    /are

    )+

    其他

    否定:主语+

    am/is/are

    +

    not

    +

    其他

    问:Be

    (am/

    is

    are

    )+

    主语

    +

    其他?

    答:Yes

    …be

    ./

    No,…be

    not

    .

    特殊:Wh…

    +

    Be

    的疑问句?

    ②行为动词:

    肯定:主语+

    do(does)

    +

    其他

    否定:主语

    +

    don

    t

    /

    doesn’t

    +

    动原

    问句:Do

    /Does

    +

    主语

    +

    动原?

    答:Yes…do/does

    ./

    No,…

    don’tdoesn’t.

    特殊:Wh…

    +

    do

    /does

    的疑问句?

    过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;

    过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

    ago,yesterday,long

    long

    ago,the

    day

    before

    yesterday,last

    week

    (year,night,month…),in1989,just

    now,at

    the

    age

    of

    5,one

    day,once

    upon

    a

    time,①be动词:

    肯定:主语+

    (was

    /were)+

    其他

    否定:主语+

    wasn’t/were

    not

    +

    其他

    问:Was/Were

    +

    主语

    +

    其他?

    答:Yes

    …be

    ./

    No,…be

    not

    .

    特殊:Wh…

    +

    was/

    were的疑问句?

    ②行为动词:

    肯定:主语+

    动词过去式

    +

    其他

    否定:主语

    +

    did

    +

    动原

    问句:Did

    +

    主语

    +

    动原?

    答:Yes…did.

    /

    No,…

    didn’t.

    特殊:Wh…

    +did的疑问句?

    表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

    tomorrow,by…,next

    day

    (week,month,year…),soon,in

    a

    few

    minutes,the

    day

    after

    tomorrow

    基本结构

    be

    going

    to

    +

    动原

    肯定:主语+am/is/are/going

    to

    +

    do;

    否:主语+

    am

    /is

    /are

    +

    not

    going

    to

    do

    问:Be

    +

    主语

    +going

    to

    do……?

    答:Yes

    …be

    ./

    No,…be

    not

    特殊:Wh…+

    Be主语

    going

    to

    do的疑问句?

    will/shall

    +do

    .

    肯定:主语+will

    /shall

    +

    动词原形

    否定:主语+will

    not

    (won’t)

    +

    动词原形

    问句:

    Will

    /Shall主语+

    动词原形

    ?

    答句:Yes

    …will

    .

    /

    No,…won’t

    .

    特殊:Wh…

    +will的疑问句?

    现在

    进行时

    表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

    now,look,listen

    at

    this

    time,these

    days,基本结构:

    肯定:主语am/is/are

    +doing

    否定:主语am/is/are+

    not

    +

    doing.

    问:

    am/is/are主语

    +doing

    答:Yes

    …be

    ./

    No,…be

    not

    特殊:Wh…+

    Be主语

    +

    疑问句?

    过去

    进行时

    表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作

    At

    this

    time

    yesterday,at

    that

    time

    或when引导的一般过去时的时间状语

    基本结构:

    肯定:主语was

    /were

    +doing

    否定:主语was

    /were

    not

    +

    doing.

    问:Was

    /Were主语

    +doing

    答:Yes

    …was/

    were

    ./

    No,…was

    /were

    not

    特殊:Wh…+

    Be主语

    +

    疑问句?

    现在完成时

    过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,

    或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

    recently,lately,since+

    时间点

    for+

    时间段。

    =(since

    +

    时间点ago)

    in

    the

    past

    few

    years,基本结构:

    肯定:主语+

    have/has+

    done(动词的过去分词)

    否定:主语have/has+

    not+

    done.

    (动词的过去分词)

    问句:主语+have/

    has

    +

    done(动词的过去分词)?

    答:Yes

    …have

    /has

    ./

    No,…have/has

    not

    .

    特殊:Wh…+

    have/has主语

    +

    疑问句?

    注意:当与一段时间连用时,动词要改为延续性动词。

    have

    bought

    =have

    been

    had

    have

    borrow

    =

    have

    kept

    have

    died

    =

    have

    been

    dead

    …………

    have

    been

    to

    :

    have

    gone

    to

    :

    have

    been

    in

    :

    过去完成时

    以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”

    before,by

    the

    end

    of

    last

    year

    (term,month…);

    过去时态的从句

    基本结构:

    肯定:主语+

    had

    +

    done(动词的过去分词)

    否定:主语had

    not+

    done.(动词的过去分词)

    问句:主语+

    had

    +

    done(动词的过去分词)?

    答:Yes

    …had./

    No,…had

    not

    .

    特殊:Wh…+had

    主语

    +

    疑问句?

    过去将来时

    立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中

    The

    next

    day

    (morning,year…),the

    following

    month

    (week…)

    基本结构:

    肯定:主语+

    was/were

    going

    to

    +

    do;

    否:主语+

    was/were+

    not

    going

    to

    do

    问:Be

    +

    主语

    +going

    to

    do……?

    答:Yes

    …be

    ./

    No,…be

    not

    特殊:Wh…+

    Be主语

    going

    to

    do的疑问句?

    ②would

    +do

    .

    肯定:主语+

    would

    +

    动词原形

    否定:主语+

    would

    not

    (wouldn’t)

    +

    动词原形

    问句:Would

    主语+

    动词原形

    ?

    答句:Yes

    …would.

    /

    No,…wouldn’t

    .

    特殊:Wh…

    +would

    的疑问句?

    3

    篇2:英语时态语态总结表

    英语时态语态总结表 本文关键词:语态,时态,英语

    英语时态语态总结表 本文简介:英语时态语态总结表时态名称主动语态被动语态一般现在时肯定句主+V/V三单+其他./主+V系+表语.主+am/is/are+V.p.p+其他.否定句主+don’t/doesn’t+V+其他./主+am/is/are+not+其他.主+am/is/are+not+V.p.p+其他.一般疑问Do/Does

    英语时态语态总结表 本文内容:

    英语时态语态总结表

    时态名称

    主动语态

    被动语态

    一般现在时

    肯定句

    主+V/V三单+其他.

    /

    主+V系+表语.

    主+am/is/are+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+don’t/doesn’t+V+其他.

    /主+am/is/are+not+其他.

    主+am/is/are+not+

    V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Do/Does+主+V+其他?/

    V系+主+表语?

    Am/Is/Are+主+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+do/does.

    /No,主+don’t/doesn’t.

    Yes,主+am/is/are.

    /No,主+am/is/are+not.

    Yes,主+am/is/are.

    /No,主+am/is/are+not.

    一般过去时

    肯定句

    主+V-ed

    +其他.

    主+was/were+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+didn’t+V+其他.

    主+wasn’t/weren’t+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Did+主+V+其他?

    Was/Were+主+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+did.

    /No,主+didn’t.

    Yes,主+was/were.

    /No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.

    现在进行时

    肯定句

    主+am/is/are+V-ing+其他.

    主+am/is/are+being+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+am/is/are+not+V-ing+其他.

    主+am/is/are+not+being+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Am/Is/Are+主+V-ing+其他?

    Am/Is/Are+主+

    being+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+am/is/are.

    /No,主+am/is/are+not.

    Yes,主+am/is/are.

    /No,主+am/is/are+not.

    过去进行时

    肯定句

    主+was/were+V-ing+其他.

    主+was/were+being+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+wasn’t/weren’t+V-ing+其他.

    主+wasn’t/weren’t+being+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Was/Were+主+V-ing+其他?

    Was/Were+主+

    being+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+was/were.

    /No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.

    Yes,主+was/were.

    /No,主+wasn’t/weren’t.

    现在完成时

    肯定句

    主+have/has+V.p.p+其他.

    主+have/has+been+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+haven’t/hasn’t+V.p.p+其他.

    主+haven’t/hasn’t+been+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Have/Has+主+V.p.p+其他?

    Have/Has+主+been+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+have/has.

    /No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.

    Yes,主+have/has.

    /No,主+haven’t/hasn’t.

    过去完成时

    肯定句

    主+had+V.p.p+其他.

    主+had+been+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+

    hadn’t+V.p.p+其他.

    主+

    hadn’t+been+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Had+主+V.p.p+其他?

    Had+主+been+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+had.

    /No,主+hadn’t.

    Yes,主+had.

    /No,主+hadn’t.

    一般将来时

    肯定句

    主+will+V+其他.

    主+will+be+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+won’t+V+其他.

    主+won’t+be+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Will+主+V+其他?

    /Shall+we+V+其他?

    Will+主+be+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+will.

    /No,主+won’t.

    Yes,主+will.

    /No,主+won’t.

    过去将来时

    肯定句

    主+would/should+V+其他.

    主+would/should+be+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t+V+其他.

    主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t+be+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    Would/Should+主+V+其他?

    Would/Should+主+be+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+would/should.

    /No,主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t.

    Yes,主+would/should.

    /No,主+wouldn’t/shouldn’t.

    情态动词

    肯定句

    主+情态动词+V+其他.

    主+情态动词+be+V.p.p+其他.

    否定句

    主+情态动词+not+V+其他.

    主+情态动词+not+be+V.p.p+其他.

    一般疑问

    情态动词+主+V+其他?

    情态动词+主+be+V.p.p+其他?

    简单回答

    Yes,主+情态动词.

    /No,主+情态动词+not.

    Yes,主+情态动词.

    /No,主+情态动词+not.

    Ⅰ.

    英语八种时态归纳复习

    时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。

    一、一般现在时:

    概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

    时间状语:

    always,usually,often,sometimes,every

    week

    (day,year,month…),once

    a

    week,on

    Sundays,etc.

    基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

    否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don

    t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn

    t,同时还原行为动词。

    一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

    二、一般过去时:

    概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

    时间状语:ago,yesterday,the

    day

    before

    yesterday,last

    week(year,night,month…),in

    1989,just

    now,at

    the

    age

    of

    5,one

    day,long

    long

    ago,once

    upon

    a

    time,etc.

    基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

    否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn

    t,同时还原行为动词。

    一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did

    提问,同时还原行为动词。

    三、现在进行时:

    概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

    时间状语:now,at

    this

    time,these

    days,etc.

    基本结构:am/is/are+doing

    否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

    一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

    四、过去进行时:

    概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

    时间状语:at

    this

    time

    yesterday,at

    that

    time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

    基本结构:was/were+doing

    否定形式:was/were

    +

    not

    +

    doing.

    一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

    五、现在完成时:

    概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

    时间状语:recently,lately,since…for…,in

    the

    past

    few

    years,etc.

    基本结构:have/has

    +

    done

    否定形式:have/has

    +

    not

    +d

    one.

    一般疑问句:have或has。

    六、过去完成时:

    概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

    时间状语:before,by

    the

    end

    of

    last

    year(term,month…),etc.

    基本结构:had

    +

    done.

    否定形式:had

    +

    not

    +

    done.

    一般疑问句:had放于句首。

    七、一般将来时:

    概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

    时间状语:tomorrow,next

    day(week,month,year…),soon,in

    a

    few

    minutes,by…,the

    day

    after

    tomorrow,etc.

    基本结构:①am/is/are/going

    to

    +

    do;②will/shall

    +

    do.

    否定形式:①was/were

    +

    not;

    ②在行为动词前加didn

    t,同时还原行为动词。

    一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。

    八、过去将来时:

    概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

    时间状语:the

    next

    day(morning,year…),the

    following

    month(week…),etc.

    基本结构:①was/were/going

    to

    +

    do;②would/should

    +

    do.

    否定形式:①was/were/not

    +

    going

    to

    +

    do;②would/should

    +

    not

    +

    do.

    一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should

    提到句首。

    Ⅱ.

    几种常见时态的相互转换

    英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:

    一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换

    在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间

    +

    ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It

    is

    +

    一段时间

    +

    since

    +

    一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it

    is来代替It

    has

    been;④瞬间动词用于“Some

    time

    has

    passed

    since

    +

    一般过去时”的句型中。请看:

    A.

    He

    joined

    the

    League

    two

    years

    ago.

    B.

    He

    has

    been

    in

    the

    League

    for

    two

    years.

    C.

    It

    is

    two

    years

    since

    he

    joined

    the

    League.

    D.

    Two

    years

    has

    passed

    since

    he

    joined

    the

    League.

    二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换

    在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at

    work(在工作),at

    school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:

    Peter

    is

    at

    work,but

    Mike

    is

    at

    play.

    Peter

    is

    working,but

    Mike

    is

    playing.

    三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换

    在现在进行时态中go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I

    am

    coming,Mum!

    意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:

    The

    train

    is

    leaving

    soon.

    The

    train

    will

    leave

    soon.

    四、“be

    going

    to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换

    “be

    going

    to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:

    We

    are

    going

    to

    visit

    the

    Great

    Wall

    next

    Sunday.

    We

    shall

    visit

    the

    Great

    Wall

    next

    Sunday

    9

    篇3:高中十种时态总结及习题

    高中十种时态总结及习题 本文关键词:时态,习题,十种,高中

    高中十种时态总结及习题 本文简介:*1.一般过去将来时过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would+动词原形”或“was/weregoingto+动词原形”来表达。基本构成:A)would+动词原形【此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。】HeaskedmeifIw

    高中十种时态总结及习题 本文内容:

    *1.一般过去将来时

    过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would

    +

    动词原形”或“was

    /

    were

    going

    to

    +

    动词原形”来表达。

    基本构成:

    A

    )

    would

    +

    动词原形【此种情况常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。】He

    asked

    me

    if

    I

    would

    stay

    here.

    他问我是否要待在这儿。

    B

    )

    was

    /

    were

    going

    to

    +

    动词原形【和一般将来时一样,也可用相应的其他形式表

    示。】No

    one

    knew

    when

    he

    was

    going

    to

    finish

    his

    homework.

    没有人知道他什么时

    候会完成作业。

    C

    )

    was/

    were

    (

    about

    )

    to

    +

    动词原形【常见于come,go等瞬间动词。】He

    said

    that

    they

    were

    to

    leave

    at

    six.

    他说他们将于6点动身。

    D)

    come,go,arrive,leave,die

    等瞬时动词,用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。She

    told

    us

    that

    she

    was

    leaving

    for

    Yunnan.

    她告诉我们她将要去云南。

    练习:

    )1.

    ---

    What

    did

    he

    tell

    you

    just

    now?

    ---

    He

    said

    that

    ____________

    tomorrow

    morning.

    A.

    he

    will

    buy

    some

    new

    clothes

    B.

    will

    he

    buy

    some

    new

    clothes

    C.

    he

    would

    buy

    some

    new

    clothes

    D.

    would

    he

    buy

    some

    new

    clothes

    )2.

    Ken

    was

    so

    busy

    when

    we

    saw

    him,because

    he

    _______

    a

    speech

    the

    next

    day.

    A.

    will

    make

    B.

    would

    make

    C.

    has

    made

    D.

    was

    making

    )3.

    If

    I

    had

    enough

    money,I

    ________

    a

    big

    house

    for

    my

    father.

    A.

    will

    buy

    B.

    would

    buy

    C.

    have

    bought

    D.

    am

    buying

    2.过去将来进行时

    过去将来进行时表示在过去将来某一时间正在发生的动作。它常和表过去将来的时间状语连用,但上下文清楚时,时间状语亦可省略。

    ■过去将来进行时有一个特点,就常用在宾语从句(尤其是间接引语)中。I

    thought

    you’d

    be

    sleeping.

    我以为你在睡觉哩。

    ■过去将来进行时有时也可用在其他从句中。The

    new

    name

    he

    would

    be

    using

    was

    Jack

    Jones.

    他将用的新名是杰克?琼斯。He

    would

    pay

    the

    rest

    as

    he

    would

    be

    leaving

    France.

    其余款项,他将在离开

    法国时付清。

    ■过去将来进行时也可用在独立句中。Jack

    said

    he

    had

    found

    a

    job.

    He

    would

    be

    working

    as

    a

    bartender

    in

    Detroit.

    杰克说他找到了工作。他将在底特律做酒吧间伙计。I

    was

    excited.

    Next

    Wednesday

    we

    would

    be

    flying

    to

    Sydney.

    我很兴奋。下星

    期三我们就会飞往悉尼了。

    ■注意:过去将来进行时都没有被动语态。

    3.过去将来完成时

    过去将来完成时表示从过去观点看将来某时某动作会业已完成。这种时态用的较少,通常只见于转述方面。I

    thought

    she

    would

    have

    told

    you

    something

    by

    then.我想届时她已经

    告诉你一些情况。

    构成

    过去将来完成时是由would/should

    +

    have

    +

    v-ed构成,其否定形式是would/should

    +not+

    have

    +

    v-ed;疑问形式是将should/would提前。She

    said

    she

    would

    have

    finished

    her

    exams

    by

    then.她说那时她会已经

    考完试了。He

    said

    he

    would

    have

    paid

    me

    back

    the

    money

    by

    the

    end

    of

    the

    week.他说将在

    周末前还我钱。We

    told

    him

    that

    we

    should

    have

    returned

    to

    the

    camp

    by

    four

    o

    clock.我们告诉

    他我们将于四点前回营地。I

    hoped

    she

    would

    have

    finished

    the

    work

    before

    I

    got

    back.我希望她在我回来之

    前做完那活儿。

    4.过去将来完成进行时

    表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间,过去将来完成进行时是由should/would

    have

    been

    +

    v-ing构成;否定形式should/would+not

    have

    been

    +

    v-ing;疑问形式是将should/would提前。She

    said

    that

    by

    the

    end

    of

    the

    year

    she

    would

    have

    been

    studying

    here

    for

    three

    years.她说到

    今年年底他将在这里学习三年了。*5.过去完成时

    过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by,before等构成的短语,也可用when,before等引导的从句或通过上下代表示。His

    eyes

    shone

    brightly

    when

    he

    finally

    received

    the

    magazine

    he

    had

    long

    expected.

    当她终于收到她盼望已久的杂志时,她兴奋得两眼闪光。By

    the

    time

    he

    was

    twelve,Edison

    had

    begun

    to

    make

    a

    living

    by

    himself.12岁

    时,爱迪生就开始自己谋生。

    构成:过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。We

    had

    learnt

    30

    lessons

    by

    the

    end

    of

    last

    month.到上个月末为止,我们已经学了

    30课。He

    said

    we

    hadn’t

    seen

    each

    other

    since

    I

    left

    Beijing.自从我离开北京,我们还

    没见过面。

    过去完成时的用法

    过去完成时的主要用法和现在完成时一样。不同的是,过去完成时把时间推移到了过去某一时间之前,与现在无关。

    (1)过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间状语有by,before等介词短语或when,before等引导的从句。

    (2)表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始,一直延续到过去的这一时间,而且还可能继续下去的动作,常和for,since构成的短语或引导的从句连用。By

    the

    time

    I

    left

    the

    school,he

    had

    taught

    the

    class

    for

    3

    years.到我毕业时,

    他已经教那个班三年了。

    (3)用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句或as

    if从句中表示与过去事实相反If

    he

    had

    seen

    you

    yesterday,he

    would

    have

    asked

    you

    about

    it.假如他昨天看到你,

    他就会问你这件事了。

    (4)表示假设的宾语从句

    放在像said,told,asked,thought,wondered等过去时动词的后面,表示在这些动作发生之前已经发生了的事情。My

    friend

    told

    me

    that

    he

    had

    passed

    the

    exam.我的朋友告诉我,他已通过了考试。

    (5)用在

    “It

    was

    the

    first/second/third…time

    that…”句型中

    在此句型中,主句用了一般过去时,that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。This

    was

    the

    first

    time

    they

    had

    met

    in

    thirty-nine

    years.

    这是39年里他们第

    一次见面。

    (6)intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等动词的过去完成时可

    以表示一个本来打算做而没有做的事,这种结构也可以表示过去未曾实现的设想、意

    图或希望等,含有某种惋惜。We

    had

    meant

    to

    tell

    her

    the

    news

    but

    found

    that

    she

    wasn’t

    in.我们本想把这

    个消息告诉她的,但发现她不在家。

    (7)过去完成时常用结构有“hardly,scarcely,barely

    when,no

    sooner…

    than等

    副词的句子里。She

    hardly

    had

    gone

    to

    bed

    when

    the

    bell

    rang.他刚睡下铃就响了。

    (8)当before,after,as

    soon

    as

    等引导的从句里的动作与主句的动作紧接时,由于

    这些连词本身已经说明了两个动作发生的先后关系,因此两个动作均可用一般过去时

    表示。We

    had

    breakfast

    after

    we

    did

    morning

    exercises.做完早操之后,我们吃早饭。

    练习:

    1.I

    lost

    the

    dictionary

    I

    ________.

    A.have

    bought

    B.bought

    C.had

    bought

    D.had

    been

    bought

    2.

    The

    train

    had

    gone

    when

    my

    brother

    _______

    at

    the

    station.

    A.have

    arrived

    B.arrived

    C.had

    arrived

    D.am

    arriving

    3.

    Mary

    _______

    of

    visiting

    her

    grandmother,but

    the

    bad

    weathermade

    her

    change

    her

    mind.

    A.has

    thought

    B.thought

    C.had

    thought

    D.had

    been

    thought

    4.

    ------Did

    you

    meet

    Tom

    at

    the

    airport?

    ------No,he

    _______

    by

    the

    time

    I______

    there.

    A.has

    left;got

    B.had

    left;arrived

    C.left;arrived

    D.left;had

    got

    5.

    -------Why

    didn’t

    Tom

    attend

    the

    meeting

    yesterday?

    -------He

    __________

    Beijing.

    A.has

    gone

    to

    B.had

    gone

    to

    C.went

    to

    D.had

    been

    to

    6.

    -------I

    _______

    to

    come

    to

    help

    you.

    ------But

    you

    didn’t

    come.

    A.have

    meant

    B.had

    meant

    C.meant

    D.will

    mean

    7.

    Finally

    one

    of

    my

    friends

    _______

    by

    Beijing

    University,for

    which

    she

    ___

    five

    time

    A.were

    admitted;

    had

    tried

    B.was

    admitted;

    had

    tried

    C.were

    admitted;

    has

    tried

    D.was

    admitted;

    tried

    8.------I

    have

    bought

    you

    the

    books

    you

    want.

    ------Oh,good,I

    _______

    afraid

    you

    had

    forgotten.

    A.was

    B.am

    C.had

    been

    D.have

    been

    9.

    We

    _________

    four

    thousand

    new

    words

    by

    the

    end

    of

    last

    year.

    A.had

    learned

    B.have

    learned

    C.learned

    D.will

    have

    learned

    10.

    ---What

    do

    you

    think

    of

    my

    suggestion?

    ---

    Sorry.

    What’s

    that?I

    _____

    about

    something

    else.

    A.

    was

    thinking

    B.

    thought

    C.

    am

    thinking

    D.

    had

    thought

    6.过去完成进行时

    过去完成进行时主要表示过去某一时间以前一直在进行的动作。He

    had

    been

    studying

    English

    before

    entering

    the

    college.他在上大学之前一直在学英语。

    构成:

    过去完成进行时由“助动词had+

    been+

    v-ing”构成;否定形式had+not+

    been+

    v-ing;疑问形式是将had提前。He

    had

    been

    telling

    you

    this.他多次跟你说这件事。

    用法:

    (1)过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始并延续到过去这一时间。这一动作

    可能己经停止也可能还在进行。She

    told

    me

    that

    she

    had

    been

    studying

    French

    for

    5

    years.她告诉我她己经学习法语5年

    了。(仍继续)She

    told

    me

    that

    she

    had

    been

    waiting

    for

    me

    for

    an

    hour.她告诉我她己经等我一个钟头了。

    (不再继续)

    (2)表示反复的动作、企图、情绪、最近的情况You

    had

    been

    giving

    me

    everything.你对我真是有求必应。(感激)I

    had

    been

    studying

    the

    meaning

    of

    the

    poem.我一直在研究这首诗。(我还没懂)

    7.

    现在完成进行时

    现在完成进行时表示到现在为止一直进行的动作,这个动作可能仍在进行,也可能停止了。I

    am

    tired.

    I

    have

    been

    painting

    the

    living

    room

    all

    day.我很累。我刷了一整天房子。

    构成:

    现在完成进行时由“助动词have/has

    +been+

    v-ing”构成;否定形式have/has

    +not+been+

    v-ing;疑问形式是将have/has提前。I

    have

    been

    telling

    him

    to

    study

    hard.我一直告诉他学习要更加刻苦才是。

    用法:

    (1)

    表示一个动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到说话时候刚结束。I

    have

    been

    waiting

    you

    for

    about

    one

    hour.我等你大约一个小时了。(说话时“等“的动作刚结束)

    (2)

    表示从过去某时开始的动作一直延续到说话时还在继续进行,并有可能延续下去的动作。常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。They

    have

    been

    living

    here

    for

    10

    years.

    他们住在这里十年了。

    (3)

    表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果(相当于现在完成时)She

    has

    been

    doing

    too

    much

    work.他做的工作太多了。(Now

    he

    is

    tired

    out.)

    现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较

    (1)

    现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成,或者在过去曾经发生过的动作;现在完成进行时往往表示仍将继续下去的动作。Ihave

    written

    an

    article.我写了一篇代章。(已完成)I

    have

    been

    writing

    an

    article.我一直在写一篇代章。(还在写)

    (2)

    现在完成时表示刚刚结束时,强调动作的结果,现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以

    前持续进行的情景,并带有情感色彩。

    Now

    we

    have

    cleaned

    the

    room;

    we

    can

    move

    the

    things

    in

    .现在房子打扫好了,我们可

    以往里搬东西了。(强调打扫完了的结果)—You

    look

    so

    tired.

    What

    have

    you

    been

    doing?你看起来很累,你干什么了?

    —I

    ve

    been

    playing

    football.我踢足球了。(强调不久前踢球的情景)

    练习:

    1.

    I’m

    sure

    Andrew

    will

    win

    the

    first

    prize

    in

    the

    final.

    I

    think

    so.

    He

    ________

    for

    it

    for

    months.

    A.

    is

    preparing

    B.

    was

    preparing

    C.

    had

    been

    preparing

    D.

    has

    been

    preparing

    2.

    By

    the

    time

    he

    realizes

    he

    _________

    into

    a

    trap,it’ll

    be

    too

    late

    for

    him

    to

    do

    anything

    about

    it.

    A.

    walks

    B.

    walked

    C.

    has

    walked

    D.

    had

    walked

    3.

    Danny

    _________

    hard

    for

    long

    to

    realize

    his

    dream

    and

    now

    he

    is

    popular.

    A.

    works

    B.

    is

    working

    C.

    has

    worked

    D.

    had

    worked

    4.—I

    have

    got

    a

    headache.

    —No

    wonder.

    You_________

    in

    front

    of

    that

    computer

    too

    long.

    A.

    work

    B.

    are

    working

    C.

    have

    been

    working

    D.

    worked

    5.Now

    that

    she

    is

    out

    of

    job,Lucy

    ___

    going

    back

    to

    school,but

    she

    hasn’t

    decided

    yet.

    A.

    had

    considered

    B.

    has

    been

    considering

    C.

    considered

    D.

    is

    going

    to

    consider8.将来进行时

    将来进行时表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作或某段时间持续的动作。它主要表示按计

    划、安排将来某时将要进行或发生的动作。What

    will

    you

    be

    doing

    at

    eight

    o

    clock

    this

    evening?今天晚上8点你干什么?

    构成:

    将来进行时由“助动词shall/will+be+v-ing”构成I

    ll

    be

    visiting

    professor

    Li

    at

    2

    this

    afternoon.今天下午2点我将拜访李教授。

    用法:

    (1)表示将来某一时刻或某段时间正在发生的动作,常与this

    time

    tomorrow,at

    4

    o’clock

    tomorrow

    afternoon等时间状语连用。At

    this

    time

    tomorrow

    we’ll

    be

    flying

    over

    the

    Atlantic.

    明天此时我们正在飞越大西洋的上

    空。

    (2)

    代替一般将来时表示一种已经决定或肯定的动作或情况,或表示某动作将在按计划发

    生而未完成。We

    shall

    be

    having

    a

    meeting

    in

    a

    minute.我们一会儿就要开会。

    (3)用将来进行时来询问别人的计划、打算,比用一般将来时更礼貌,也可以表示较缓和的命令或碰巧发生的事。Will

    you

    be

    having

    supper

    with

    us

    this

    evening?你今天晚上能和我们一起吃晚饭好吗?

    (4)用于表示将来的动作迟于所安排的另一次动作He

    is

    going

    to

    take

    a

    stroll

    in

    the

    park

    and

    then

    he

    will

    be

    watering

    the

    flowers.他打算到公园

    去散步,然后浇花。

    (5)

    将来进行时与一般将来时的区别

    一般将来时既可以表示“将来”,也可以表示“意志、意图”;而将来进行时则表示纯粹的将来,指说话者无意图的动作。He

    won’t

    cut

    the

    grass.他拒绝割草。(有意图)He

    won’t

    be

    cutting

    the

    grass.他将不割草。(无意图,仅陈述一个事实)

    练习:

    1.

    There

    __________

    a

    meeting

    tomorrow

    afternoon.

    A.will

    be

    going

    to

    B.

    will

    going

    to

    be

    C.

    is

    going

    to

    be

    D.

    will

    go

    to

    be

    2.

    Charlie

    ________

    here

    next

    month.

    A.

    isn’t

    working

    B.

    doesn’t

    working

    C.

    isn’t

    going

    to

    working

    D.

    won’t

    work

    3.

    Joe____the

    piano

    in

    a

    few

    minutes.

    A

    shall

    be

    played

    B

    will

    have

    been

    playing

    C

    shall

    be

    playing

    D

    will

    have

    played

    4.

    I

    ____

    my

    grandmother

    at

    three

    this

    afternoon.

    A

    shall

    be

    visiting

    B

    shall

    have

    visited

    C

    shall

    be

    visiting

    D

    will

    visit

    5.

    “Can

    you

    attend

    the

    party

    tonight?”

    “No,_____

    the

    boss

    about

    something

    urgent.”

    A

    I

    see

    BI

    shall

    have

    seen

    CI’ll

    be

    seeing

    D

    I

    can

    see

    9.

    将来完成时

    将来完成时表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作。On

    the

    first

    of

    next

    month

    I

    shall

    have

    studied

    in

    this

    school

    for

    five

    years.下月一日,我在这

    个学校学习就满5年了。

    构成:

    将来完成时由“shall

    /will

    +have

    +v-ed”构成;

    否定形式“shall

    /will

    +not

    +have

    +v-ed”

    构成。By

    the

    time

    class

    is

    over,we

    shall

    have

    finished

    lesson

    40.下课前我们要完成第40课。

    用法:

    (1)

    将来完成时表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作,通常与before或by连用。Before

    long,he

    will

    have

    forgottenall

    about

    it.不久他就会全忘记的。

    (2)

    表示持续到将来某一时间的动作或状态,这动作或状态也可能将继续进行下去。When

    they

    move

    here

    next

    month,we

    ll

    have

    livedin

    the

    city

    for

    5

    years.下月他们搬到这里

    时,我们已住在该市五年了。

    (3)

    表示对现在或将来可能完成动作的推测She

    will

    have

    arrived

    by

    now.她这是可能已经到了。

    练习:

    1.

    By

    the

    end

    of

    this

    year,I

    ____enough

    money

    for

    a

    holiday.

    A

    will

    save

    B

    will

    be

    saving

    C

    will

    have

    saved

    D

    have

    saved

    2.

    I

    have

    been

    studying

    here

    for

    four

    years,by

    next

    summer.

    A

    shall

    graduate

    B

    shall

    be

    graduated

    C

    shall

    be

    graduating

    D

    shall

    have

    graduated

    10.

    将来完成进行时

    将来完成进行时表示将来某事、某时之前已发生的动作。It

    will

    have

    been

    snowing

    for

    a

    whole

    week

    if

    it

    snows

    again

    tomorrow.如果明天还下雪的

    话,雪就要整整下一个星期。

    构成:

    是由shall/will

    have

    been+

    v-ing

    构成。否定形式shall/will

    not

    have

    been+

    v-ing;疑问形式是

    将shall/will提前。They

    will

    have

    been

    having

    a

    holiday

    next

    week.他们下周大概在度假。

    用法:

    (1)一般将来完成进行时表示将来某事、某时之前已发生的动作,一直延续到将来某一时

    间,是否继续下去要视上下代而定,常与表示将来某一时间状语连用。By

    the

    time

    the

    sun

    sets,they

    will

    have

    been

    working

    on

    the

    farm

    for

    six

    hours.太阳落山时他

    们在农场上干活将有6个小时了。

    (2将来完成进行时也可表示推测,含有“我预料、大概”的意思。这种用法的will应看作

    情态动词。It

    is

    early

    spring.

    Birds

    will

    have

    been

    flying

    back.现在时早春了,鸟儿该飞回来了

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