人教版英语必修五第五单元知识点

时间：2021-08-12 00:19:36 来源：蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响人

相关热词搜索：知识点 英语 必修

　 U5(BX5) First aid Language

　points 1 Aid (v)帮助; 援助=help sb 帮助某人去做…. aid sb to do 在…事帮助某人 aid sb in … He aided me in business. I aided her to continue her study. At Christmas, many organizations aid the poor. n

　/U/帮助; 援助 在某人的帮助下 with the aid of

　为了帮助… in aid of Teachers give their lessons with the aid of computers.

　He raised money in aid of the sick.

　 知识拓展：

　give/offer aid 援助

　come to sb."s aid 帮助某人 cut off aid （突然）终止援助

　 a hearing aid 助听器 teaching aids 教具

　 medical aid 医疗救护

　 2. temporary 暂时的，临时的 temporary relief from pain 短暂的解痛 temporary work/ solution 临时工作/解决办法

　3. fall ill fall+ adj. ill asleep awake sick silent His wife suddenly _______ ________ last week. She has _______

　________ for a week. fell

　 ill been

　ill 4 get+过去分词

　表被动或状态 The computer got damaged when we were moving. My bike is getting repaired now. My glasses got broken while I was playing basketball. Peter and Mary got married last year. get done get injured 受伤 get dressed 穿衣服

　get damaged 遭到破坏

　get changed 改变

　get married 结婚

　get infected 被感染

　get broken 被弄破

　get lost 迷失，走失

　5 injure v.

　 ______ n.

　______ adj. injury to sth.

　 …（部位）的伤 He got ________________ at work. 他干活时腿受了重伤。(injury) He __________ in the accident. 他在意外事故中受了伤。(injure) injuries to the legs got injured injury injured hurt 肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语），疼痛 injure 意外或事故而受伤 wound 指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）

　wounded injured hurt hurt injured He got _______ in the fighting. He was badly _______ in a car accident. Her words ________ me deeply. I _____

　my back when I fell. My feet _______ . 6. bleed-blood-bloody (v.)

　 (n.)

　(adj.)

　His nose was bleeding. = He was bleeding at the nose .= He has a bloodynose. 他在流鼻血。

　bleed for 为…而流血, 悲痛 bleed to death 出血过多而死 lose blood 流血、失血 flesh and blood 血肉之躯 7. choke

　vi. & vt. 窒息; 阻塞 She choked with emotion.

　她激动得说不出话来。

　The smoke almost choked me. 烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。

　At the bad news, he couldn"t choke back his tear 听到这则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。

　The man gave a few chokes and then got his breath.那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。

　8.essential adj. 最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的 1)Sun and water are essential to the growth of crops.阳光和水是农作物生长不可缺的。

　2)It is essential for us to set our study goal.我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。

　 3)It is essential that you (should) win the voter"s

　hearts.赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。

　-----当用 it 充当主语而用它充当表语时，that 从句的谓语动词用 should +动词原形 。

　9. You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease,…

　act as

　作为…. barrier 屏障,障碍物,隔阂 You should show the ticket at the barrier. The language barrier

　against 反对,阻止 which act as barrier 定从 10poison n./vt. 毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒 eg:1)Poisons must be put out of children"s reach.毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。

　2)This matter will make some poison to the crops.这种物质会对庄稼造成毒害。

　3)Books of this kind can make poison to children.这类书会对儿童造成毒害。

　4)Heroin has poisoned a lot of people.海洛因毒害了很多人。

　5)The polluted water in the river poisoned people here.污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。

　-----poisonous

　adj. 有毒(害)的

　eg: This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities. 11.protect…against/ from…

　 保护…不受…的损害 prevent…from doing

　 阻止．．． Wear sunglasses to _________________________. You need warm clothes______________________. Nobody can _____________________________

　 (阻止他们结婚)． protect your eyes from strong light to protect you against cold

　prevent them from getting married It is my duty to ____ my students from being hurt when they are in danger. D

　A. prevent

　B. save C. stop D. protect prevent sb. (from) doing stop sb. (from) doing keep sb. from doing 12. sense (n. & v.) five senses：

　sense of smell sense of hearing the sixth sense sense of touch sense of sight sense of taste sense ofhumour、duty、direction The man has

　no common sense . (无常识) What he said made no sense.(没道理)

　 sense (v.)

　 感觉到 Although she didn’t say anything, I sensed that she didn’t like the idea. (我感觉到她不喜欢这个主意）

　 13.So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious. 该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；从句为：as you can imagine. as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如……”或“就象……”的意思；它所引 的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。

　另外，该句的主句中还含有一个 if 引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：

　As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later.

　正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。

　as we all know

　= as

　is known to all

　as

　we

　expect

　= as

　is

　expected

　as everybody can see as you can imagine 14.various 不同的，各种各样的 There are various colors to choose from. vary

　vi 1.～(in sth)——be different in size, volume, strength, etc(体积、容积、力量等)呈现不同 Opinions vary on this point.

　 15. vary

　 ～(with sth); ～(from sth to sth) ——change , esp according to some factor 改变, 变动, 变化（尤指伴随某种因素而产生）

　Prices vary with seasons. 物价随季节而变动 Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression. 她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉 variety

　n.

　变化，多样性，种类 We all need variety in our diet. 我们都需要饮食多样化 The shopping center sells a variety of goods a variety of+名词,谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一致 16.depend

　on 取决于,依赖,依靠,信赖,信任 His whole family depends on him 他全家都靠他养活.

　He is a man to be depended on 他是个可以信赖的人 dependent

　( adj. )

　dependence (

　n.

　) independent ( adj. ) independence (n.) 17. mild-milder-mildest-mildly

　Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment. mild 在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。

　如：Edward suffered from a mild heart attack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。

　mild 还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的”

　如：She’s the mildest person I have ever met in my life. 她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了

　 a mild climate 温暖的天气 mild cheese 淡味奶酪

　gentle/soft/ mild

　The punishment is very ______ . The weather is ______ . I like a _____ pillow. He was a person of _____

　birth. (身世良好) He spoke in a ___________________ voice.

　 mild mild gentle soft gentle/soft/ mild 18. 词语辨析: electric 电的,发电的,由电产生的,用于导电的. electrical 有关电的,与电有关的. electricity 电,电力. 电力学 electric generator 发电机,

　electric cooker 电炉, electric iron 电熨斗,

　 electric engineer

　电机工程师 19.swell

　vt./vi. Swell swelled/

　 swelled swollen 使膨胀，使(力量，数目等)增长，使壮大， The wind swelled the sails. 风使船帆鼓起。

　His injured wrist began to swell (up).他那受伤的手腕开始肿起。

　Her face swelled up with toothche. The wind swelled into a storm.

　风力渐增，终于形成一场暴风雨。

　a small business swelled into a big company.壮大 4)Never swell with pride when you make some contributions.

　有了贡献不要沾沾自喜。

　swell with pride/anger 得意洋洋、怒气冲冲 The doctor examined the swelling on my back. swollen

　adj. 肿胀的

　His eyelid is swollen.

　他眼皮肿了。

　20.stick stick sth. to sth.

　粘住 Stick the glue to my fingers. stick to doing sth stick to 坚持 stick to one’s view 坚持自己的观点 21. jewellery=jewelry

　珠宝(总称) 不可数 jewel

　可数，珠宝，珍视的人、物 The ____ were kept in the safe. Many women like to buy as much _______ as possible. Father always says I am his ______ .

　 jewel jewellery jewels She appeared at the reception wearing her finest jewels. She locked her jewels in the jewellery box.

　My sister has _ . A. a piece of jewellery

　 B. a jewellery C. a little of jewels

　 D. a bit jewellery 22.Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水 -y 是个形容词后缀。如：

　windy 有风

　 hilly 多小山的

　sleepy 困倦的

　greeny 略呈绿色的

　 spicy 辛辣的

　woody 树木茂密的 23. unbearable 不能忍受的

　un—不能….,无法….

　unforgettable

　unwilling

　unusual

　uncertain

　unfair unfit unbelievable

　unfortunate

　unlike

　uncomfortable 24. squeeze 挤；压；塞 sth. into sth. 把……塞进

　sth. from/ out of sth.

　 挤出 through 挤过 sth. out of sb.

　敲诈逼某人说出 sb in 挤出时间见某人

　crocodile squeezed a tear. I squeezed myself onto the crowded train. He squeezed everything into a suitcase. She watched her grandma squeeze the juice out of a lemon attentively Although I am busy, I still can squeeze you in at 10 o’clock

　 Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more

　money out of him.那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多钱。

　I’ll never give in to you, and you can squeeze nothing out of me The little boy is squeezing the toothpaste from the tube onto the toothbrush 25. over and over again List some phrases or words that have similar meaning over and over again and again

　 over and again

　many times repeatedly from time to time now and then now and again Sometimes At times On occasions 26. Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。

　in place 在适当的地方。如：

　The librarian put the returned books in place. 图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。

　You’d better put things back in place.你最好把你的东西放回原位。

　Her dress was out of place at the ceremony.（不得体,不适当）

　in place 还有“准备就绪”的意思。如：

　The arrangements for the concert next Saturday are all in place.周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。

　With everything in place, she started the slide show.

　27.Pour

　1. 倒,灌,注 She poured herself another cup of tea. 她为自己又倒了一杯茶。

　2. 倾注;大量投入;大量生产 They have poured money into the tourist industry. 他们已经把大笔钱投入了旅游业。

　3 倾吐,诉说 She often pours her troubles to friends. 她经常向朋友们倾诉自己的苦恼。

　不及物动词 vi.

　1. 倾泻,涌流 The crowd poured out of the concert hall. 人群从音乐厅涌出来。

　Sweat poured from Martin"s face. 马丁脸上汗如雨下。

　2. 斟茶 Shall I pour? 我来斟茶好吗? 3 (雨)倾盆而降(+down) The rain poured steadily down. 大雨不停地倾盆而下。

　Pour cold water on/over 对…泼冷水 Pour oil on the flames 火上浇油 Pour oil on troubled waters 平息风波 I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。

　1. There are over 115 different kinds of ________ (poison) snakes in Australia. 2. Doctors in that...