小学英语语法点汇总)

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　语法及练习 1 1

　e be 动词 Be 动词的用法：

　(1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用 am, 你用 are, is 用在他她它，复数全用 are。

　(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.

　(3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

　的 用恰当的 be 动词填空。

　。

　1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

　2. The girl______ Jack"s sister.

　3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

　4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

　6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

　7. How _______ your father?

　8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

　9. Whose dress ______ this?

　10. Whose socks ______ they?

　11. That ______ my red skirt.

　12. Who ______ I?

　13.The jeans ______ on the desk.

　14. Here ______ a scarf for you.

　15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.

　16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.

　17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.

　18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.

　19. Some tea ______ in the glass.

　20. Gao shan"s shirt _______ over there.

　21. My sister"s name ______Nancy. 22. This ______ not Wang Fang"s pencil.

　23. ______ David and Helen from England?

　24. There ______ a girl in the room.

　25. There ______ some apples on the tree.

　26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?

　27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?

　28. There _______ some bread on the plate.

　29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.

　30. You, he and I ______ from China.

　习 语法及练习 2 人称代词和物主代词 人称代词和物主代词

　1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于 than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。

　2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。

　一 一. 填写代词表主格。

　I

　it we

　you

　them

　 his

　your

　 hers

　 二 二. 用所给词的适当形式填空。

　。

　1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )

　3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )

　4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )

　5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )

　6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )

　7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )

　8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)

　9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )

　10. Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they ) 11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )

　12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )

　13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )

　14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )

　15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!

　16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )

　17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )

　18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )

　19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )

　20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )

　21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）

　22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )

　 习 语法及练习 3 名词复数和动词三单 一、名词复数规则

　1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

　2．以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

　3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

　4．以“f 或 fe”结尾，变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

　5．不规则名词复数：

　man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

　练习：写出下列各词的复数。

　。

　I _________

　him _________

　this _______

　her ______

　 watch _______ book_______ child _______ photo ________ diary ______

　 day________

　foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______

　 box_______

　strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______

　 woman_______ paper_______ people________ 二．动词三单的变化规则

　1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

　2．以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

　3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

　练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数。

　drink ________

　 go _______

　 stay ________

　 make ________

　 look _________

　have_______

　pass_______

　 carry ____

　come________

　watch______ plant_______

　fly ________

　 study_______

　 brush________

　teach_______

　习 语法及练习 4 一般现在时 一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍

　一般现在时的功能

　 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

　 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

　 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

　 一般现在时的构成

　 1. be 动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

　 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

　当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

　 一般现在时的变化 1. be 动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

　 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?

　-Yes. I am. / No, I"m not.

　 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

　2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don"t( doesn"t ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don"t like bread.

　 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 doesn"t构成否定句。如：He doesn"t often play.

　 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。

　如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don"t.

　用 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用 does 构成一般疑问句。

　如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn"t.

　特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?

　一般现在时用法专练:

　一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

　1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

　2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

　3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

　4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

　5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

　6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

　7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

　8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

　9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

　10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

　11. Mike _______(like) cooking.

　12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

　13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.

　14. You always _______(do) your homework well.

　15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

　16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

　17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

　18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

　19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.

　20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday.

　二、按照要求改写句子。

　。

　1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________

　2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________

　3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________

　4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ___________________________________________________

　5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _______________________________________________________

　6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________

　7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________________

　8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________

　9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________

　10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________

　三、改错( 划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

　1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

　2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

　3. He likes play games after class. __________________

　4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

　5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________

　习 语法及练习 5 现在进行时 现在进行时

　1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

　2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing. 3．现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加 not。

　4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。

　5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing?

　但疑问词当主语时其结构为：

　疑问词不达意 + be + 动词 ing?

　加 动词加 ing 的变化规则

　1．一般情况下，直接加 ing，如：cook-cooking

　2．以不发音的 e 结尾，去 e 加 ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

　3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

　现在进行时专项练习：

　一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

　play________

　run__________

　swim _________ make__________ go_________

　like________

　write________

　 ski___________

　read________

　have_________

　sing ________ dance_________

　put_________

　 see________

　 love_________ live_______

　 take_________

　 come ________

　get_________

　stop_________ sit ________

　 begin________

　 shop___________

　二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

　1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

　2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

　3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

　4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

　5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

　6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

　7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

　8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

　9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

　三、句型转换：

　1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

　2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

　_________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

　3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________

　4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________

　习 语法及练习 6 将来时 将来时 一、概念：

　表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。

　二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.

　三、否定句：在 be 动词（am, is, are）l 后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 won’t。

　例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句：

　be 或 will 提到句首，some 改为 any, and 改为 or，第一二人称互换。

　例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?

　五、对划线部分提问 ：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

　1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.

　2. 问干什么。What … do.例如：

　My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.

　3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will

　I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.

　练习：填空。

　1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

　I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

　I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

　2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

　What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?

　I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday?

　I ________ play basketball.

　3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

　_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

　4. 你们打算什么时候见面。

　What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

　改句子。

　5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

　Nancy ________ going to go camping.

　6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）

　I _______ go ______ join them.

　7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

　________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

　8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

　_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

　9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）

　________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?

　10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

　用所给词的适当形式填空。

　11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.

　12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.

　13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.

　14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ________ (watch) TV and ________(catch) insects?

　15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.

　16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.

　What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.

　17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.

　18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.

　19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.

　20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.

　习 语法及练习 7 一般过去时 一般过去时

　1 ．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

　2 ．Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：

　⑴am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。（was not=wasn’t）

　⑵are 在一般过去时中变为 were。（were not=weren’t）

　⑶带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not，一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首。

　3 ．句中没有 be 动词的一般过去 时的句子

　否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

　一般疑问句：在句首加 did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：

　What did Jim do yesterday?

　⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?

　动词过去式变化规则：

　1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

　2．结尾是 e 加 d，如：taste-tasted

　3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

　4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变 y 为 i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied

　5．不规则动词过去式：

　am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took,

　run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

　过去时练习 ：

　写出下列动词的过去式

　is\am_________

　fly_______

　plant________

　are ________

　drink_________

　play_______

　go________

　make ________ does_________

　dance________

　worry________

　ask _____

　 taste_________

　eat__________ draw________

　put ______

　throw________ kick_________

　pass_______

　 do ________

　Be 动词的过去时练习 一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空。

　1. I ______ an English teacher now. 2. She _______ happy yesterday.

　3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.

　4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.

　5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.

　6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.

　7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.

　二、句型转换。

　1. There was a car in front of the house just now.

　否定句：________________________________________________

　一般疑问句：____________________________________________

　肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

　三、 中译英。

　1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。

　___________________________________________________________

　2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。

　___________________________________________________________

　3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。

　___________________________________________________________

　行为动词的过去时练习

　一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空。

　1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.

　2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.

　3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)

　4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?

　5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.

　6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.

　7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.

　8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.

　二、句型转换。

　1. They played football in the playground.

　否定句：________________________________________________

　一般疑问句：____________________________________________

　肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

　三、中译英。

　1. 格林先生去年住在中国。

　________________________________________________________

　2. 昨天我们参观了农场。

　________________________________________________________

　3. 他刚才在找他的手机。

　________________________________________________________

　过去时综合练习（1 ）

　一、 用动词的适当形式填空。

　1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.

　2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.

　3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.

　4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.

　5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)

　6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)

　7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.

　8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.

　9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.

　10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.

　二、 中译英。

　1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。

　_________________________________________________________

　2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。

　_________________________________________________________

　3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。

　_________________________________________________________

　4. 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。

　_________________________________________________________

　过去时综合练习 一、用动词的适当形式填空。

　1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.

　2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.

　3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)

　4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)

　5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.

　6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)

　7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)

　8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.

　9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.

　10.What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)

　二、中译英。

　1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。

　_________________________________________________________

　2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。

　_________________________________________________________

　3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。

　_________________________________________________________

　 习 语法及练习 8 There be 句型与 have, has There be 句型与 have, has 的区别

　1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）

　2、在 there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用 is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用 are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近 be 动词的那个名词决定。

　3、there be 句型的否定句在 be 动词后加 not , 一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。

　4、there be 句型与 have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

　5、some 和 any 在 there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。

　6、and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。

　7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：

　How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？

　8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：

　What’s + 介词短语？

　Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”

　1. I________a good father and a good mother.

　2. ____________a telescope on the desk.

　3. He_________a tape-recorder.

　4. _____________a basketball in the playground.

　5. She__________some dresses.

　6. They___________a nice garden. 7. What do you___________?

　8. ______________a reading-room in the building?

　9. What does Mike___________?

　10. ______________any books in the bookcase?

　11. My father_________a story-book.

　12. _______________a story-book on the table.

　13. _______________any flowers in the vase?

　14. How many students____________in the classroom?

　15. My parents___________some nice pictures.

　16. _____________some maps on the wall.

　17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.

　18. David__________a telescope.

　19. David’s friends___________some tents.

　20. ______________many children on the hill.

　Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”

　1. I_________ a nice puppet.

　2. He_________a good friend.

　3. They__________ some masks.

　4. We___________some flowers.

　5. She___________ a duck.

　6. My father____________ a new bike.

　7. Her mother___________a vase.

　8. Our teacher_________ an English book.

　9. Our teachers___________a basketball.

　10. Their parents___________some blankets

　11. Nancy_________many skirts.

　12. David__________some jackets.

　13. My friends__________a football.

　14. What do you__________?

　15. What does Mike__________?

　16. What do your friends___________?

　17. What does Helen___________?

　18. His brother________a basketball.

　19. Her sister_________a nice doll.

　20. Miss Li__________an English book.