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  • 可再生柴油:仔细考察项目回报和风险

    时间:2020-09-14 11:47:36 来源:蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响 蒲公英阅读网手机站

    相关热词搜索:柴油 可再生 考察

     Equit y

     R es ea r ch A mer ic a s

     |

     U nit ed

     S ta tes

      In

     thi s

     r epor t

     w e t a k e a c loser

     loo k

     a t

     the

     8

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     pr oje ct s

     a nnounced

     by

     U S independent

     r ef iner s .

     We

     a r e ca lc ula ti ng

     EB IT DA

     ( w it h

     a nd

     without

     B T C ) ,

     I RR,

     cost o f

     c a pa ci ty a ddit ions

     ( $ /g a l)

     a nd

     br ea k even

     c a r bon

     pr ic e needed

     to

     k eep

     pr oj ect s

     a bove

     10 %

     IR R .

     We

     a r e a lso

     hig hli g hti n g

     str eng ths

     a nd

     wea k nes s e s

     of

     i ndividua l

     pr ojec ts.

     Th e

     D e b at e :

     Depen ding

     upon

     how

     bulli s h

     or

     bea r ish

     a n

     i nves tor

     i s

     on

     ca r bon

     pr ic in g ,

     w e would

     cl a ss if y

     t hem

     a s :

     1 )

     C a r bon

     pr ic e opt imist

     -

     be li eves i n

     wide s pr ea d

     L CF S

     a dopti on tha t

     w ill

     s uppor t

     hig he r

     c a r bon

     p r i ces;

     2 )

     Pr a g m a ti s t

     – beli eves c a r bon

     pr ic es

     will

     move

     up in

     the

     long e r

     ter m

     but

     sees

     nea r - ter m

     vola ti li ty

     i f

     a ll

     a nnounced

     ca pa ci ty

     a ddit ions

     ( ~ 2.6 B n g a l/

     y r )

     c om e onl ine;

     3 )

     B T C

     opt i mist

     -

     beli eves r enew a bles

     is the

     f utur e ,

     but

     stil l

     bea r ish on

     c a r bon

     pr ic in g ,

     a nd

     see s

     B T C

     g ett ing

     ex tended

     pa s t

     2022

     a s

     C ong r es s

     wa nts

     to enco ur a g e us e of

     l ow e r

     c a r bon

     f uels ;

     a nd

     4 )

     Pes s imist

     – bea r ish

     on

     c a r bon

     pr ic es

     a nd beli eves r enew a ble

     tr a de

     i s

     IMO

     2020

     ve r s ion

     2.0 .

     S inc e we

     a r e i n

     ea r ly

     sta g es ,

     w e ex pect the

     ca r bon

     pr ic e

     optimist

     to

     be

     th e m os t

     eng a g ing

     a nd

     dr ive

     the

     r e new a bles

     tr ade.

      Ou r

     P r e feren c e :

     While

     m ultipl e pr ojec ts

     ha ve

     been

     a nnounced,

     w e ha ve

     a str ong pr ef er en ce

     f o r

     pr o jects

     tha t

     a r e u s ing

     f eeds toc k

     with

     l ow er

     c a r bon

     i ntensity

     ( C I) .

     V L O ’s

     S t. C ha r les a nd

     Por t

     A r thur

     ca n

     del iv er

     g ood

     r etur ns

     even

     without

     B T C

     or

     i n

     a n

     envir onment w her e c a r bon

     pr ic es

     d r op

     t o

     ~ $120 /t on.

     It

     does cost mo r e t o

     c on s tr uct

     pr oje ct s

     with

     l ow er C I

     f eeds toc k ,

     but

     a pr ojec t

     using f eed

     with

     C I

     of

     25

     ha ve

     a n

     a lmos t

     ~ $0.75 / g a l

     g r os s m a r g in

     a dvanta g e over

     a pr ojec t

     us ing

     C I

     of

     53.86 .

     Put

     a nother

     w a y ,

     a pr ojec t

     w it h

     C I

     o f 25

     ha s

     a n

     a lmos t

     $50 - $60 /t on

     c a r bon

     pr ic in g

     a dvanta g e over

     a hi g her

     C I

     p r ojec t.

     A

     l ow er C I

     pr ojec t

     ca n

     withstand

     a much

     w ea k er

     ca r bon

     pr ic e envir onment

     vs.

     hig her

     C I

     f eed pr ojec t .

     O n

     pa per ,

     both

     Ma r ti nez

     ( IR R

     42 % )

     a nd

     R odeo

     ( IR R

     24 % )

     conver s ion s

     look a tt r a ct ive,

     but

     g iven

     the

     pr o x imity

     of

     t he

     t w o

     r e f ine r ies ,

     w e ex pect

     competit ion

     f o r

     f eeds toc k a s

     well

     as

     pr oduct

     pl a cement.

     A t

     thi s

     sta g e ,

     Ma r ti nez

     f u ll

     conver s io n

     ( Pha s e 1

     2022 s ta r tup )

     ha s

     a f ir s t - m over

     a dvanta g e over

     R odeo

     f ull

     conve r s ion

     ( 2024

     s ta r tup ) .

     U p si d e

     and

     Ri sks:

     If

     L CF S

     be c om es

     a na ti ona l

     m a nda te,

     c a r bon

     pr ic es

     will

     move

     up ( $220 - $250 /t on)

     a nd

     L CF S

     c r e dit s

     will

     pr ic e hi g her ,

     r a ising

     I RR

     of

     a ll

     pr ojec ts.

     O n

     t he other

     ha nd

     i f

     L CF S

     d o e s

     n o t

     g e t

     w ider

     a dopti on

     out s ide

     of

     C a li f o r nia

     a nd

     a ll

     a nnounced ca pa ci ty

     ex pa ns ions

     come

     onli ne, ca r bon

     c r edit

     ba nk would

     buil d

     r a pidl y

     a nd

     c a r bon

     pr ic es would

     dr op ,

     puttin g

     ec onom ic s

     of

     ma ny

     pr ojec ts

     in

     s ing le

     di g it s

     ( IR R

     bel ow

     10 % ) .

     C a li f or nia diesel

     dema nd

     i s

     f la t;

     r ef ine r ies c onver ti ng

     to

     r enew a bl e di es el

     f a ci li ty

     ( M a r ti nez

     a nd

     S a n F r a n )

     a r e g oing

     to

     pr oduce

     diesel

     a t

     the

     ex pense of

     g a s oli ne. Even tua l ly ,

     C a li f o r nia ’s

     diesel m a r k et

     w ill

     become

     over s uppli ed

     a nd

     g a s oli ne

     under s uppli ed

     ( bull i s h

     PB F ) .

     Co n c l u sio n :

     Wi th

     thi s

     ma g nit ud e of

     c a pa ci ty

     a nnouncem ents, r e f iner s

     a r e ma k ing

     a n implic it

     a ss um pti on

     tha t

     the

     D em ocr a ti c

     pr es ident ia l

     ca ndida te

     w ill

     ta k e t he

     W hit e H ouse i n N ov em ber .

     T his

     w ill

     s ig nif ic a ntl y

     i ncr ea s e t he

     poss ibi li ty

     o f

     L CF S

     b ecoming

     a na ti ona l m a nda te ,

     or

     a t

     le a s t

     a m or e r a pid

     a dopti on

     a cr os s

     m ultipl e s t a tes ,

     pus hing

     up

     ca r bon

     pr ic es , r a ising

     EB IT DA

     a nd

     IR R

     pr oje ct io ns .

     In

     the

     event

     P r es ident

     Tr ump

     g ets

     r e - ele cted ,

     s om e of these

     pr ojec ts

     coul d

     be

     de lay ed

     or

     c a ncel led.

     Rese ar c h

     An aly sts

     Ma n a v

     G up ta

     212

     325

     6617

     m a nav.gupta @ c redit - s uis s e. c om

     D IS CLOSU RE

     AP P E ND IX

     AT

     TH E

     B ACK

     O F

     TH IS

     REP O RT

     CONTA IN S

     IMP O RT ANT

     D IS CLOSU RE S ,

     ANALYST CE RT IFICATIONS, LE G AL

     E NTITY

     D IS CLOSU RE

     AND

     TH E

     S TA TU S

     O F

     NON - U S

     ANALYSTS.

     U S

     Discl os ur e :

     C r edit

     S uiss e does a nd

     s eek s

     to

     do

     business w it h

      compa nies

      cover ed

      in

      it s

      r e s ea r ch

     r epor ts.

      A s

      a

     r es ult ,

      inve s tor s

      s hould

      be

      a w a r e

     tha t

      the

      F ir m

      m a y

      ha ve

      a

     conf li ct

      of

      int e r e s t

      tha t

      coul d

     Renewa ble

     Diesel Cl oser Loo k

     a t

     R eturn s

     and Risk s

     for

     Proje c ts

     O il

     &

     Ga s

     R ef ini ng

     &

     M a r k eti n g

     |

     Ex per t

     Ins ig h ts

      T a ble

     of

     Cont en ts

     Ex ecut ive

     S umm a r y

     ................................................................................................................. 3

     S umm a r y

     of

     R etur ns

      3

     Wha t

     would

     m a k e us

     m or e B ull ish?

      5

     Wha t

     would

     m a k e us

     B ea r i s h ?

      6

     B r ea k even

     A na ly s is

      ................................................................................................................. 8

     R enew a bles

     T r a de

     – T he

     Deba te

      ........................................................................................... 9

     A

     C loser

     L ook

     a t

     Individua l

     Pr ojec ts

      ..................................................................................... 10

     HFC

     – A r tesia

     a nd

     C h eyenne

      10

     VL O

     – S t.

     C ha r les E x pa ns ion

      13

     VL O

     – Por t

     A r thur

      15

     PS X

     – R odeo

     F ul l

     C onver s ion

      17

     MPC – Ma r ti nez

     F ul l

     C onver s ion

      19

     PS X

     – R odeo

     Di es el

     Hy d r ot r ea ter

     Pr ojec t

      21

     C VI

     – Wy nnewood

     Hy dr o cr a ck er

     Pr ojec t

      23

     A ppendix

      ............................................................................................................................... 25

     How t o

     c a lc ula te

     Gr os s

     M a r g in

     f or

     i ndividua l

     pr oje ct s

      25

     R ene w a ble

     Diesel vs.

     B io - diesel

      27

     700

      600

      500

      400

      300

      200

      100

      0

     MPC

     Martinez

     VLO

     St.

     Charles

      VLO

     Port

     Arthur

     PSX

     Rodeo

     HFC

     Artesia

     & Conversion

     Converison

      Cheyenne

      Without

     BTC

     ext.

     With

     BTC

     ext.

      Executiv e

     Summ a r y

     Sum mary

     of

     R et ur ns

     In

     thi s

     r epor t

     w e t a k e a c loser

     loo k

     a t

     the

     8

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     pr oje ct s

     a nnounced

     by independent

     r ef iner s .

     We

     a r e ca lc ula ti ng

     EB IT DA

     upside

     ( w it h

     a nd

     without

     B T C ) ,

     I RR,

     cost o f ca pa ci ty

     a ddit ions

     a nd

     br ea k even

     c a r bon

     pr ic e needed

     t o

     k eep

     pr o jec t

     IR R’s

     a bove

     10 % .

     We a r e a lso

     hig hli g hti n g

     str en g ths

     a nd

     wea k nes s es

     of

     i ndividua l

     pr ojec ts.

     E B ITDA

     O ur

     ba s e c a s e nor m a li zed

     EB IT D A

     estima tes

     a r e c a lc ula te d

     on

     cur r ent

     ca r bon

     p r ic es

     of

     ~ $196 /t on.

     How ever ,

     in

     indi vidu a l

     pr ojec ti on

     secti on

     we

     ha ve

     r un

     s ens it ivit ies on

     EB IT DA

     ba s ed on

     c a r bon

     pr ic es

     r a ng e of

     $140 - $240 /t on.

     O ur

     nor m a li zed

     EB IT DA

     estima tes

     a s

     show n

     i n

     F ig .

     1

     e x cl ude

     a ny

     bene f it

     o f

     B T C .

     We

     ha ve

     r un

     scena r io

     a na ly s is on

     a ll

     pr ojec ts

     to

     ca lc ula te EB IT DA

     a ss um ing

     B T C

     does g et s

     ex tended

     f or

     5

     y ea r s

     post

     2022 ,

     but

     a l ow er

     c r edit

     benef it

     of

     $0.50 / g a l

     vs .

     cur r ent

     $1 /g a l.

      Figu r e

     1 :

     E B ITDA

     -

     M ajo r

     P r o j e c t s

     ($M )

      Figu r e

     2 :

     E B ITDA

     -

     S mal l e r

     C o n v e r sio n

     P r o j e c t s

     ($M )

      Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     (* VL O

     E B I T DA

     is net )

     Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     IRR

     Pr ojec ts

     that’ s

     do

     come

     onli ne

     b ef or e y ea r

     end

     2022 ,

     w ill

     be

     see

     a n

     upl if t

     in

     IR R

     a s

     t hey

     a r e g ett ing

     f ull

     bene f it

     o f

     B T C

     o f

     $1 / g a l.

     O ur

     ba s e c a s e IR R

     es ti m a tes

     a r e c a lc ulated

     on

     c ur r ent ca r bon

     pr ic es

     o f

     ~ $196 / ton.

     Ho w ever ,

     in

     indi vidua l

     pr oje ct ion

     s ec ti on

     w e ha ve

     r un

     sens it ivit ies on

     EB IT DA

     ba s ed

     on

     ca r bon

     pr ic es

     r a ng e of

     $140 - $240 / ton.

     W e ha ve

     r un

     scena r io

     a na ly s is on a ll

     pr ojec ts

     to

     ca lc ula te

     IR R

     a ss um ing

     B T C

     does g ets

     e x tended

     f o r

     5

     y ea r s

     post

     2022 ,

     but

     a lower

     c r edit

     benef it

     o f

     $0.50 / g a l

     vs .

     cur r ent

     $1 / g a l.

     Without

     BTC

     ext.

     With

     BTC

     ext.

     CVI

     Wynewood

     Hydrocracker

     PSX

     San

     Fran

     Hydrotreater

     120

      100

      80

      60

      40

      20

      0

     EBITDA

      ($M)

     EBITDA

      ($M)

     40%

     30%

     20%

     10%

     0%

     MPC

     Martinez

      VLO

     St.

     Charles

      VLO

     Port

     Arthur

     PSX

     Rodeo

     HFC

     Artesia

     &

     Conversion

     Converison

     Cheyenne

      Without

     BTC

     ext.

     With

     BTC

     ext.

     150%

      100%

      50%

      0%

     PSX

     San

     Fran

     Hydrotreater

     CVI

     Wynewood

     Hydrocracker

     Without

     BTC

     ext.

     42%

     With

     BTC

     ext.

     IRR

     (%)

     IRR

     (%)

     Figu r e

     3 :

     IR R

     ( % )

     –

     M ajo r

     P r o j e c t s

      80%

     Figu r e

     4 :

     IR R

     ( % )

     –

     S mal l e r

     C o n v e r sio n

     P r o j e c t s

      350%

     70%

     300%

     60%

      250%

     50%

      200%

      Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     Co st

     o f

     ad d i n g

     n e w

     c ap ac i t y

     It

     does cost mor e t o

     c ons tr u ct

     pr ojec ts

     w it h

     l ow er

     C I

     f eeds toc k ,

     but

     a pr ojec t

     us ing

     f eed

     with

     C I of

     25

     ha s

     a n

     a lmos t

     ~ $0.75 /g a l

     g r os s

     ma r g in

     a dvanta g e over

     a pr ojec t

     us ing

     C I

     o f

     53.86 .

     Putti ng

     a nother

     wa y ,

     a pr oje ct

     with

     C I

     of

     25 ,

     ha s

     a n

     a lmos t

     $50 - $60 /t on

     c a r bon

     p r ic in g a dvanta g e over

     a hi g her

     C I

     pr o je ct .

     A

     l ow er

     C I

     f eeds toc k

     p r ojec t

     i s

     l ik e a hi g h

     c omplex it y

     r ef ine r y

     while

     a hig he r

     C I

     f eeds to ck

     pr ojec t

     is li k e a l ow er

     c omplex it y

     r e f iner y .

     It

     will

     cost mor e t o buil d

     a mor e c omplex

     r ef ine r y

     but

     a c omplex

     r ef iner y

     will

     g ive

     you

     a l ot

     m or e f lex ibi li ty

     over

     a s imple

     r ef ine r y .

     T hus it ’s

     not

     f a ir

     to

     compa r e t w o

     pr ojec ts

     one

     with

     C I

     of

     25

     a nd

     ot her

     with

     C I

     o f 50

     or

     a bove

     on

     t his

     m et r ic s

     ( ca p a ci ty

     ex pa ns ion

     $ /g a l ) .

     How ever

     i t

     would

     be

     f a ir

     compa r e t w o

     pr ojec ts

     w it h

     sim il a r

     C I

     on

     t his

     m etr ic s .

     O ur

     a na ly s is indi ca tes

     tha t

     Ma r ti nez

     conver s io n

     pr ojec t

     a nd

     pr o jects

     a t

     A r tesia

     a nd

     C hey enne

     ha ve

     a ver y s imila r

     C I.

     T hey

     a r e bot h

     p r ima r il y

     using soy bea n

     but

     a dding

     som e f lex ibi l it y

     ( 10 - 15 % )

     t o

     r un lower

     C I

     f eeds toc k ’s

     of

     ta ll ow

     a nd

     i nedibl e c or n

     o il .

     While

     M a r ti ne z

     conver s ion

     is a dding r enew a ble

     ca pa ci ty

     a t

     $0.97 / g a l ,

     the

     new

     c a pa ci ty

     a t

     A r tesia

     a nd

     C hey enne

     is coming

     on li ne

     a t

     $3.38 / g a l.

      Figu r e

     5 :

     Co s t

     o f

     Cap ac i t y

     Ad d iti o n

     ($/ g al )

      4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0

     Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     Capacity

     Expansion

     ($/gal)

      W hat

     would

     m ak e us

     m or e Bull is h?

     1.

     W i d e r

     ad o p ti o n

     o f

     l o w

     c ar b o n

     fu e l

     stand ar d s

     ac r o ss

     o t he r

     st at es.

     F oll ow ing

     t he ex a mple

     of

     C a li f o r nia ,

     m or e a nd

     m or e states

     a cr os s

     t he

     na ti on

     a r e c ons ider ing

     the development

     of

     t heir

     own

     low

     ca r bon

     f uel

     pr o g r a m s .

     We

     beli eve

     th e question

     is no long er

     i f

     t hey

     will

     i mplement

     simil a r

     pr og r a m s ,

     it ’s

     w hen

     t hey

     will

     e m br a ce

     lower

     ca r bon

     f uel

     s ta nda r ds .

     O ther

     c ou ntr ies a r e a lso

     look ing

     t o

     i mplement

     s imi la r

     pr og r a m s . T he

     C lea n

     F uel

     S ta nda r d

     pr o g r a m

     t ha t

     is being

     developed

     by

     Env ir onment

     a nd

     C li m a te C ha ng e C a nada

     seek s

     30

     M illi on

     M T

     of

     c a r bon

     r eductions

     f r om

     t h e c ounty ’s

     ener g y economy

     by

     2030 .

     I f

     C a nada

     does g o

     a hea d

     a nd

     i mplement

     C lea n

     F uel

     S ta nda r d pr og r a m ,

     it

     will

     open

     up

     a bi g

     end

     m a r k et

     f or

     a ll

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     p r oducer s .

     2.

     Lo w

     c ar b o n

     fu e l

     stand ar d

     b e co mi n g

     a n at i o nal

     manda te.

     In

     l a te

     J une

     2020 , Hous e Democr a ts

     r elea s ed

     a c li m a te

     r epor t

     on

     how

     C a li f o r nia ’s

     L CF S

     p r og r a m

     c ould be

     i mplemented

     a t

     the

     na ti o na l

     level.

     The r epor t

     consider s

     t he

     c u rr ent

     pr opos a l

     f or

     a Mi dw es t

     C lea n

     F uel

     S ta nda r d

     f o r

     wide

     sca le

     a dopti on.

     If

     t he

     Democr a ti c

     pr es ident ia l ca ndida te

     ta kes

     t he

     W hit e house

     i n

     N ovember ,

     the

     pr oba bil it y

     of

     n a ti ona l

     a dopti on

     of L CF S

     i n cr ea s e.

     U S

     c u rr ent

     di es e l

     dem a nd

     i s

     ~ 3.9 MM b/d.

     A

     ~ 5 %

     a dopti on

     ma nda te , would

     ea s il y

     a bs or b

     a ll

     a nnounced

     ca pa ci ty

     ex pa ns ions

     of

     2.2 B n

     g a l/

     y r .

     3.

     Cal i fo r n i a r aisi n g

     b l e n d

     l i mi ts

     to

     c r e at e

     i n c r e m e n ta l

     d e man d .

     C a li f or nia consum es

     c lose

     to

     4 B n

     g a l

     of

     di es el

     a nnua ll y .

     T he

     c ur r ent

     bl end

     r a te

     is 23 % .

     If

     t he blend

     r a te

     is inc r ea s ed

     t o

     30 %

     by

     2025 ,

     tha t

     cr ea tes

     inc r em enta l

     dem a nd

     f or

     280 Mn g a l

     of

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     every

     y ea r .

     T his

     w ill

     help

     a bs or b

     10 %

     o f

     a nnounced

     ca pa ci ty a ddit ions.

     4.

     E x ten sio n

     o f

     B TC

     b e yond

     2022 .

     A t

     p r es ent

     the

     blende r ’s

     t a x

     c r edit

     i s

     set

     t o

     ex pi r e in

     y ea r - end

     2022 .

     U nder

     thi s

     qu a li f ied

     biodi es el

     pr odu cer s

     or

     bl en der s

     a r e el ig ib le

     f o r a n

     i ncome

     ta x

     c r edit

     o f

     $1 . 00

     pe r

     g a ll on

     o f

     pur e bi od iesel

     ( B 100 )

     or

     r enew a ble

     diesel pr oduced

     or

     used in

     t he

     bl endin g

     pr ocess .

     If

     B T C

     is e x tended

     bey ond

     2022

     i t

     would be

     a bi g

     ma r g in

     ta il w ind

     f o r

     a ll

     r e new a ble

     diesel

     pr oducer s .

     T he

     b es t

     r enew a ble

     diesel ( RD )

     pr ojec ts

     w it h

     C I

     of

     25

     ( a t

     cur r ent

     U SL D

     pr i ces

     a nd

     D4

     R IN

     pr ic es )

     ha ve

     a g r os s m a r g in

     of

     $1.25 / g a l

     a nd

     EB IT DA

     ma r g ins

     of

     $1.05 - $1 . 10 /g a l.

     B T C

     inc r ea s es m a r g ins

     by

     100 %

     a s

     $1 /g a l

     cr e dit

     g ets

     a dded

     t o

     ba s e ma r g in

     of

     $1.05 / g a l.

     F or hig her

     C I

     p r ojec ts

     the

     i m pact

     i s

     even

     mor e mea ning f ul

     a s

     t her e E B IT DA

     ma r g in

     is $0.30 - $0.45 / g a l.

     B T C

     i n cr ea s es

     m a r g ins

     by

     250 %

     a s

     $1 / g a l

     B T C

     c r edit

     g ets

     a dded to

     ba s e ma r g in

     of

     $0 . 30 - $0.45 / g a l.

     5.

     H i g he r

     U LS D

     p r i c es.

     R enew a ble

     diesel

     pr ic es

     of

     U SL D.

     C u rr en tl y

     U S

     di es el inventor y

     i s

     25 %

     a bove

     the

     5

     y ea r

     a ver a g e.

     A s

     a r es ult ,

     U LS D

     pr i ces

     a r e well

     bel ow

     5 y ea r

     a ver a g e.

     We

     ex pect

     di es el

     i nventor y

     will

     t a k e over

     1

     - 1.5

     y ea r

     t o

     nor m a li ze, but once

     it

     i s

     i n - li ne

     with

     5

     y ea r

     a ver a g e U SL D

     will

     pr i ce

     bett e r

     a nd

     r enew a ble

     diesel m a r g ins

     w ill

     s how

     a n

     upt ic k .

     6.

     Cal i fo r n i a l o w e r i n g

     d i e se l

     C I

     s ta n d ar d .

     B a ck

     i n

     2016 ,

     diesel

     C I

     s ta nda r d

     wa s

     s et a t

     99.97

     g C O 2 /M J .

     C I

     s ta nda r d

     f or

     2021

     ha s

     been

     s et

     a t

     91 . 66

     g C O 2 /M J .

     A t pr es ent,

     2028

     pr opos ed

     C I

     s ta nd a r d

     i s

     a t

     82.87

     g C O 2 /M J .

     A s

     C A R B

     l ow e r s

     C I

     on

     f os s il

     f uels

     it

     m a kes

     it

     toug he r

     f o r

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     pr ojec ts

     to

     g e ner a te

     ca r bon

     c r edit s . T his

     ens ur es

     c a r bon

     c r edit

     ba nk deplet es

     over

     t ime

     a nd

     c a r bon

     pr i ces

     don’t

     dr op .

     We es ti m a te

     by

     2028 ,

     ca r bon

     c r ed it

     g ener a ti on

     f r om

     sa m e set

     of

     pr oj ect s

     (inc ludi n g

     new ca pa ci ty

     a ddit ions)

     would

     dr op

     by

     ~ 2.5

     Mi ll ion

     m et r ic

     t ons a s

     di es el

     C I

     s t a nda r d

     i s lower ed

     by

     ~ 8.79

     g C O 2 /M J .

     4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0

     W hat

     would

     m ak e us

     B ear is h?

     T he

     bi gg es t

     r isk

     to

     ca r bon

     pr ic es

     is tha t

     ca r bon

     c r edit

     ba nk bui lds

     r a pidl y

     post

     2023

     a s

     a ll

     t hes e pr ojec ts

     come

     onli ne. I f

     a ll

     pr oje c ts

     in

     w or k s

     a nnounced

     by

     i ndependent

     r ef ine r s

     a r e br ou g ht onli ne, it

     will

     l ea d

     t o

     ~ 15 . 8

     Mi ll io n

     Metr ic

     t ons o f

     a ddit iona l

     ca r bon

     c r edit

     g ener a ti on.

      Figu r e

     6 :

     Car b o n

     Credi t

     G e n e r at i o n

     (M i ll i o n

     M e tri c Ton )

      Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     A s

     show n

     bel ow ,

     in

     2019 ,

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     f uel

     volume s

     w er e ~ 692

     M illi on

     g a ll ons a nd r enew a ble

     diesel

     g ener a ted

     4 . 8

     Mi ll ion

     m etr ic

     t ons i n

     c a r bon

     c r ed it s .

     A s

     t his

     point ,

     independent r ef ine r s

     a lone

     ha ve

     a nnounced

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     c a pa ci ty

     ex pa ns ions

     tha t

     tot a l

     ~ 2.6

     B illi on ga ll ons per

     y ea r .

     I f

     a ll

     t hes e pr o je ct s

     c om e onl ine

     between

     2021

     a nd

     2024 ,

     ca r bon

     c r ed it g ener a ti on

     will

     i nc r ea s e t o

     ~ 20.5

     Mi ll ion

     Met r ic

     t ons pe r

     y ea r

     vs.

     c ur r ent

     r un

     r a te

     o f

     ~ 5

     M illi on Met r ic

     t ons pe r

     y ea r .

      Figu r e

     7 :

     Vo l u me s

     and

     Credit

     G e n e r at i o n

     -

     R e n e w ab l e

     and

     B i o d i e se l

     Sourc e: C a lif ornia

     Air

     Res ourc e B oa rd

     ( C AR B )

     A t

     pr es ent

     C a li f or nia

     c umula ti ve

     cr edit

     ba nk i s

     g oing

     down

     by

     1 . 0 - 1.2

     Mi ll ion

     m etr ic

     t ons ( us ing r un

     r a te

     of

     1 Q

     2020 ) .

     B u t

     ca pa ci ty

     a ddit ions

     of

     t his

     m a g nit ude

     wit hout

     w idespr ea d

     a dopti on, would

     ca us e r a pid

     buil dup

     i n

     c a r bon

     c r edit s

     c a us ing

     c a r bon

     cr edit

     pr ic es

     t o

     dr op

     sha r ply .

     Million

     Metric

     Ton

     Figu r e

     8 :

     Cu mu l at i v e

     Credi t

     B an k

     ( Al l

     fu e l s )

      Sourc e: C a lif ornia

     Air

     Res ourc e B oa rd

     ( C AR B )

     A t

     thi s

     r a te

     o f

     c a pa ci ty

     a ddit ion,

     a mor e wides pr ea d

     a dopti on

     i s

     needed

     a cr os s

     a ll

     sta tes. C a li f or nia

     a lone

     ca nnot

     a bs or b

     t hi s

     ma g nit ude

     of

     i ncrem enta l

     s uppl y

     c om ing

     onl ine

     i n

     t he

     nex t 3 - 4

     y ea r s .

      Figu r e

     9 :

     Fo r mu l a fo r

     c alcu l at i n g

     c ar b o n

     c r e d i ts

     g e n e r at e d

     b y

     a p r o j e c t

      Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     Cummulative

     Bank

     Deficits

     Credits

     10,000,000

      8,000,000

      6,000,000

      4,000,000

      2,000,000

      0

     Total

     Credits

     and

     Deficits

     (MT)

     for

     All

     Fuels

     Reported

     Q1

     2011

     -

     Q1

     2020

     Metric

     Tons

     (MT)

     2011Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2012Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2013Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2014Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2015Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2016Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2017Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2018Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2019Q1

     Q2 Q3 Q4

     2020Q1

      Brea k e ve n

     An a ly si s

     T his

     is w her e t he

     r ubber

     meets

     t he

     r oa d. While

     investor s

     will

     use

     dif f e r ent

     m etr i cs

     to

     m ea s ur es r etur ns

     /

     p r of i ta bil it y

     ( IR R,

     EB IT D A

     upside,

     %

     EB IT DA

     upside)

     f or

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     pr ojec ts ,

     w e beli eve

     it ’s

     impor ta nt

     to

     unde r s ta nd

     t ha t

     the

     bes t

     pr ojec ts

     a r e t he

     ones t ha t

     ca n

     sur vive

     l ow ca r bon

     pr ic e vola ti li ty .

     Wi th

     2.66 B n

     / g a l

     in

     ca pa ci ty

     a nnouncemen ts,

     i nves tor ’s

     needs t o

     br a ce

     f or

     a scena r io

     w he r e ca r bon

     pr ic es

     i n

     2023 /

     2024

     c o uld

     potent ia ll y

     dr op

     $50 - $60 / ton .

     T his

     is w her e pr ojec ts

     w it h lower

     c a r bon

     i ntensity

     f eeds toc k

     w ill

     dif f e r enti a te

     thems elves.

     VL O ’s

     two

     pr ojec ts

     ca n

     g ener a te double

     dig it

     I RR

     even

     i f

     c a r bon

     p r ic es

     dr op

     f r om

     c ur r ent

     $196 /t on

     a ll

     t he

     wa y

     t o

     $100 / ton.

     We a r e excl uding

     t he

     t w o

     qui ck

     hi t

     c onver s ion

     pr ojec ts

     f r om

     t his

     a na ly s is:

     1 )

     PS X

     S a n

     F r a n hy dr otr ea te r

     a nd

     2 )

     C VI

     Wy nnewood

     hy dr oc r a ck er ,

     a s

     t hes e 2

     c om e onl ine

     in

     2021

     a nd

     g et

     12 - 18

     month

     benef it

     of

     B T C ,

     a ll ow ing

     t hem

     g ene r a te

     IR R

     o f

     over

     10 % ,

     just

     ba s ed

     on

     B T C .

      Figu r e

     10 :

     Car b o n

     P r i c e s

     N ee d e d

     t o Br e a k

     E v e n

     ($/ to n )

     Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     A s

     show n

     bel ow ,

     w hen

     c r edit

     pr i ces

     ( ca r bon

     pr ic es )

     sta r t

     to

     dr op

     t he

     spr ea d

     bet w een

     Di es el

     C I s ta nda r d

     ( 92.92 )

     a nd

     C I

     of

     f eeds toc k

     bec om es

     even

     mor e i m por ta nt.

     R enew a ble

     diesel

     c r ea ted w it h

     l ow er

     C I

     ca n

     stil l

     g ene r a te

     a L CF S

     cr edit

     ( $ / g a l)

     which

     s uppo r ts

     a hea thy

     g r os s

     ma r g in

     ( 80 to 100 c/ g a l )

     but

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     c r ea ted

     w it h

     hi g he r

     C I

     f eeds toc k ,

     w ill

     s ee indi ca tor

     ma r g ins f a ll s

     bel ow

     45 - 50c /g a l

     a t

     w hic h

     point

     t he

     pr ojec t

     needs B T C

     sup por t

     to

     g ene r a te

     g ood

     r etur ns .

      Figu r e

     11 :

     Im p o r ta n c e

     o f

     l o w e r

     CI

     fe e d sto c k

      Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es ,

     C a lif ornia

     Air

     Res ourc e B oa rd

     (C AR B )

     200

     180

     160

     175

     156

     140

     132

     120

     105

     100

     90

     80

     60

     40

     20

     0

     VLO

     St.

     Charles

      VLO

     Port

     Arthur

      MPC

     Martinez

     PSX

     Rodeo

     Conversion

     Converison

     HFC

     Artesia

     &

     Cheyenne

     Carbon

     Price

     ($/ton)

      R en ewables

     Tra de

     –

     T he

     D eb a te

     When

     it

     c om es

     t o

     investing

     i n

     t he

     r enew a bles

     pr ojec ts

     w e would

     di vided

     i nves tor s

     ba s e int o

     4 g r oups .

     Depen din g

     upon

     how

     bul lish

     or

     bea r is h

     you

     a r e on

     c a r bon

     pr ic ing

     you

     would

     be cl a ss if ied

     a s

     a :

      Car b o n

     P r i c e

     o p ti mi st.

     I n

     t he

     n ex t

     2 - 3

     y ea r s ,

     a s

     r enew a bles

     diesel

     business g a ins m or e t r a ct ion

     thi s

     will

     be

     t he

     bi gg es t

     g r oup

     o f

     i nves tor s

     ente r ing

     t h e t r ade. T hey

     would funda menta ll y

     believe

     L CF S

     w oul d

     be

     w idel y

     a dopted

     a nd

     mor e states

     w ill

     be

     wor k ing towa r ds

     l ow er ing

     c a r bon

     i ntensity

     of

     t r a ns por ta ti on

     f uels

     ( f a ir

     a ss um pti on) .

     If

     L CF S does end

     up

     becoming

     a na ti ona l

     m a nda te,

     t his

     g r oup

     would

     be

     t h e bi gg es t

     winner .

     A s C a r bon

     pr ic es

     g o

     up ,

     it

     w ill

     t hey

     i ncr ea s e EB IT DA

     a nd

     IR R

     o f

     a ll

     p r ojec ts.

     This

     set

     of investor s

     would

     pr ef e r

     size

     over

     q ua li ty

     of

     f eed

     ( C I ) ,

     a s

     hi g he r

     c a r bon

     pr ic es

     would

     li m it a ny

     m a r g in

     dow ns ide.

     We

     beli ev e t his

     s et

     of

     i nves tor s

     would

     p r ef er

     f ull

     r e f iner y conver s ion

     pr ojec ts

     ( Ma r ti nez

     a nd

     R odeo )

     a s

     t hes e of f er

     t hem

     sca l e t o

     benef it

     f r om ups ide

     in

     ca r bon

     pr ic es .

      P r ag mati st.

     T his

     would

     be

     a set

     of

     i nves tor s

     who

     s ee oppor tuni ty

     in

     r enew a bles

     but a lso

     under s ta nd

     t he

     nea r - ter m

     r is k

     t o

     c a r bon

     pr ic in g.

     T hey

     a r e ca uti ous on

     ca r bon pr ic ing

     a nd

     believe

     over

     l on g er

     t e r m

     c a r bon

     pr i ces

     w ill

     r ise but

     in

     t he

     nea r - ter m

     t her e w ill

     be

     vola ti li ty .

     T hey

     would

     li k e t o

     i nves t

     in

     pr ojec ts

     tha t

     ca n

     g ene r a te

     g ood

     r etu r ns even

     if

     c a r bon

     p r ic es

     dr op

     by

     $70 - $80 /t on

     f o r

     a c ouple

     of

     y ea r s .

     We

     beli eve

     thi s g r oup

     on

     investo r

     will

     be

     m a k ing

     a n

     i nves tment

     dec ision

     ba s ed

     on

     ca r bon

     pr ic e b r ea k even

     a na ly s is .

     T hey

     would

     pr ef er

     to

     invest

     in

     the

     r enew a bles

     tr a de

     thr oug h

     t w o pr ojec ts

     tha t

     ha ve

     lowes t

     br ea k even :

     VL O ’s

     S t.

     C ha r les E x pa ns ion

     a nd

     VL O ’s

     Por t A r thu r

     pr ojec t.

     Thes e t w o

     pr ojec t s

     c a n

     withstand

     sig nif ic a ntl y

     l ow e r

     c a r bon

     pr ic es

     a s f eed

     i s

     l ow er

     C I

     ( s pr ea d

     t o

     di es el

     C I

     is m or e)

     a nd

     t hei r

     opex / g a l

     is a lso

     the

     lowes t.

      B TC

     o p ti mi st.

     T his

     would

     be

     a s et

     of

     i nves tor s

     who

     believe

     tha t

     r enew a bles

     i s

     the f utur e but

     a r e a lso

     medium

     te r m

     bea r ish

     on

     ca r bon

     pr i ci ng

     g iven

     t he

     ca pa ci ty

     a ddit ions. T heir

     i nves tment

     t hes is would

     be

     tha t

     a s

     c a r bon

     pr ic es

     c om e down

     m a ter ia ll y ,

     m a r g in w ill

     g et

     compr es s ed

     pus hing

     p r oj ect

     r etu r ns

     bel ow

     br ea k even.

     A s

     som e poi nt

     both democr a ts

     a nd

     r epu bli ca ns

     w oul d

     come

     tog ether

     to

     pa ss

     B T C

     ex tension

     bey ond

     2022 . R epubli ca ns

     would

     li k e t o

     a void

     j ob

     l os s es

     a t

     r ef iner ies a nd

     democr a ts

     would

     li k e r ef ine r s

     t o

     t ur n

     g r eene r

     ( vs .

     pr od uce hig her

     c a r bon

     i ntensity

     di es el

     a nd

     g a s oli ne)

     a nd

     s o

     ther e will

     be

     comm on

     a g r ound

     t o

     pa ss

     B T C .

     We

     beli eve

     thi s

     set

     of

     i nves tor s

     would be

     mos t

     a tt r a cted

     t o

     qui ck

     hi t

     s h or t

     pr oje ct s

     which

     a r e l ow

     on

     qua li ty

     ( h ig her

     C I

     f eed ) li k e t he

     one s

     C VI

     is pur s ing

     a t

     th e W ynnewood

     r ef iner y .

     C VI

     ha s

     made

     i t

     ver y

     c lea r , tha t

     the

     only

     r ea s on

     t hey

     a r e l ooking

     t o

     g o

     a hea d

     with

     t his

     pr ojec t

     i s

     beca us e t hey w a nt

     to

     ca ptur e t he

     B T C

     benef i ts

     f or

     18

     months

     by

     sta r ti n g

     pr odu ct ion

     m id - 2021 .

     A B T C

     ex tension

     would

     ma ter ia ll y

     c ha ng e t he

     r etur n

     pr o f il e o f

     t h is pr ojec t.

     W e believe B T C

     opt imist

     would

     a lso

     ta k e a l ook

     a t

     to

     pr ojec ts

     HFC

     i s

     pu r s uing .

     While

     HF C ’s pr ojec ts

     a r e hi g her

     c os t

     ( a dding

     c a pa ci ty

     a t

     $3 . 38 / g a l

     vs .

     C VI’s

     W ynnewood

     a t

     $1 /g a l) ,

     t hey

     stil l

     f it

     the

     pr o f il e o f

     pr ojec ts

     w hose r etu r ns

     l ook

     l ot

     m or e competit ive w it h

     B T C

     t ha n

     without

     B T C .

     A s

     w e sa i d

     ea r li er ,

     B T C

     ex tension

     b enef it s

     a ll

     pr ojec ts , but

     it s

     hel ps

     l ow er

     qua li ty

     p r ojec t s

     ( hig her

     C I)

     a l ot

     mo r e t ha n

     hi g h

     qua li ty

     pr ojec ts.

      P e ssi m i st.

     If

     som eone

     na il ed

     t h e IMO

     2020

     t r a de ,

     it

     wa s

     t he

     pess imist.

     T ha t

     per s on never

     believed

     in

     IMO

     2020

     ups i de ,

     a nd

     pos it ioned

     a ppropr ia tel y .

     T he

     p es s imist

     would be

     ver y

     bea r ish

     on

     c a r bon

     pr ic ing

     a nd

     would

     li k e t o

     stic k

     with

     r ef in er s

     not

     ma k ing

     a ny investment

     in

     r enew a ble

     diesel.

     PBF

     i s

     not

     involved

     w it h

     r enew a ble

     dies el.

     A lso, C a li f or nia

     di es el

     dem a nd

     i s

     r ela ti v ely

     f la t .

     Wi th

     2

     r ef ine r ies conver t i ng

     t o

     RD

     f a ci li t y m or e diesel

     w ill

     be

     made

     a t

     the

     ex pense of

     g a s oli ne. Eventua lly ,

     C a li f or nia ’s

     diesel m a r k et

     w ill

     b ecome

     over s uppli ed

     a nd

     g a s oli ne

     under s uppli ed. PBF ’s

     r ef ine r ies ha ve the

     hig hes t

     g a s oli ne

     yie ld

     ( T or r a n ce

     in

     pa r ti cul a r )

     a nd

     t his

     would

     p os it on

     PB F

     ver y

     well in

     2023 ,

     a s

     i n

     a ddit ion

     to

     Ma r ti ne z, R odeo

     a nd

     S a nta

     M a r ia

     r ef iner i es

     will

     a lso

     s top pr oduci ng

     g a s oli ne

     by

     y ea r - end

     2022 .

      A

     C lose r

     Look

     a t

     I n div idual

     Pr oje cts

     H FC

     – Artes ia

     and

     C heyenne

     In

     N ovember

     2019

     HF C

     a nnoun ced pla ns

     t o

     c ons tr uct

     a new

     r en ew a ble

     diesel

     uni t

     ( R DU )

     a t

     it s A r tesia

     r e f iner y .

     T he

     R DU

     will

     ha ve

     a pr oduct ion

     ca pa ci ty

     o f

     ~1 25

     mill ion

     g a ll ons a y ea r

     a nd a ll ow

     HFC

     to

     pr ocess

     soy bea n

     oi l

     a nd

     other

     r enew a ble

     f eeds toc k s

     i nto

     r enew a ble

     diesel.

     In

     ea r ly

     J une,

     HFC

     a nnounced

     pl a n s

     to

     conver t

     the

     C hey enne

     R ef iner y

     t o

     r enew a ble

     diesel pr oduct ion

     a nd

     t o

     c ons t r uct

     a pr e - tr ea tment

     uni t

     ( “PT U ”)

     l oca ted

     a t

     the

     A r tesia

     R ef ine r y .

     Includi ng

     t he

     p r eviously

     a nn ounc ed

     r enew a ble

     diesel

     uni t

     a t

     the

     A r tesia

     R ef ine r y ,

     HF C

     is ex pected

     t o

     ha ve

     a c ombined

     ca pa ci ty

     t o

     pr oduce

     over

     200

     mill io n

     g a ll ons per

     y ea r

     o f r enew a ble

     diesel

     a nd

     pr e - tr ea t

     ov er

     80 %

     of

     it s

     f eeds toc k .

     Why

     a r e we

     tr ea ti ng

     t his

     a s

     a sing le

     pr oje ct

     vs.

     2

     d i ff e r ent

     pr o jec t s ?

     T he

     t w o

     pr ojec ts

     a r e sim il a r in

     ter m s

     of

     t imeline

     of

     sta r tup

     a nd

     t he

     f eeds toc k

     c ons um pti on.

     Mor e i m por ta ntl y ,

     t he

     pr e - tr ea tment

     uni t

     is being

     constr uct ed

     a t

     A r tesia

     but

     i t

     w ill

     s uppl y ing

     to

     both

     pla nts.

     If

     we

     a s cr ibe

     a ll of

     pr e - t r ea tment

     cost onl y

     t o

     A r t es ia ,

     then

     tha t

     m a k e s

     C hey enne

     l ook

     unf a ir ly

     a tt r a ct ive

     a nd A r tesia

     a s

     a ver y

     l ow

     r etu r ns

     pr oj ect .

      Key

     P r ojec t

     De ta il s

      C a pa ci ty :

     210

     M illi on

     g a l/

     y r

     or

     13.7 m b/d  S ta r tup:

     1 Q

     2022

      C a pex :

     $710 M

      F eed:

     S oy bea n

     oi l

     ( 90 % ) ,

     B lea c ha ble

     f a ncy

     ta ll ow

     a nd

     N on

     edible

     C or n

     oi l

     ( 10 % )

      A vg .

     C I

     o f

     F eed:

     51 . 6

     ( 90 % *

     53 . 8 +

     10 % *

     32

     =

     51 . 6 )

      L CF S

     cr edit

     ( C a r bon

     @$1 96 /t o n) :

     $1 . 05 / g a l

      N or m a li zed

     EB IT DA

     ( w it hout

     B T C ) :

     $150 M

      IR R

     ( w it hout

     B T C

     ex tension ) :

     24 %

      EB IT DA

     ( w it h

     B T C

     e x tension

     of

     5

     y ea r s

     a t

     $0.50 /g a l

     endin g

     2027 ) :

     $250 M

      IR R

     ( w it h

     B T C

     ex tension

     o f

     5

     y ea r s

     a t

     $0.50 /g a l

     ending

     2027 ) :

     32 %

      C a r bon

     c r edit s

     g ener a ted:

     1 . 05

     Mi ll ion

     Met r ic

     Ton

      S ens it ivit y

     A na ly s is – EB IT DA

     O ur

     ba s e c a s e nor m a li zed

     EB IT D A

     estima tes

     a r e c a lc ulated

     on

     c ur r ent

     ca r bon

     p r ic es

     of

     ~ $196 /t on.

     How ever ,

     a s

     show n

     i n

     F ig .

     12

     w e ha ve

     r un

     sens it ivit ie s

     on

     EB IT DA

     ba s ed

     on ca r bon

     pr ic es

     r a ng e of

     $140 - $240 /t on.

     O ur

     no r m a li zed

     EB IT DA

     es ti m a tes

     excl ude s

     a ny

     benef it of

     B T C .

     F i g .13

     s how s

     scena r io

     a na ly s is on

     t hes e t w o

     pr ojec ts

     to

     c a lc ula te

     EB IT DA

     a ss um ing B T C

     does g ets

     ex tended

     f or

     5

     y ea r s

     post

     2022 ,

     but

     a l ow er

     c r edi t

     benef it

     o f

     $0 . 50 /g a l

     vs . cur r ent

     $1 / g a l.

      Figu r e

     12 :

     E B ITDA

     ( e x c l u d i n g

     an y

     b e n e fi t

     o f

     B T C

     e x ten sio n )

      Figu r e

     13 :

     E B ITDA

     ( w i t h

     BT C

     e x ten sio n )

      Carbon

     Pricing

     ($/ton)

     Carbon

     Pricing

     ($/ton)

      Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     Sourc e: C om pa ny

     da t a ,

     C redit

     Suis s e es t im a t es

     D4

     RIN

      ($/gal)

      140

     160

     180

     200

     220

     240

      D4

     RIN

      ($/gal)

     0.55

     $

     170

      $

     190

      $

     211

      $

     231

      $

     252

      $

     273

     0.60

     $

     186

      $

     207

      $

     227

      $

     248

      $

     268

      $

     289

     0.65

     $

     202

      $

     223

      $

     243

      $

     264

      $

     285

      $

     305

     0.70

     $

     219

      $

     239

      $

     260

      $

     280

      $

     301

      $

     321

     0.75

     $

     235

      $

     255

      $

     276

      $

     297

      $

     317

      $

     338

     0.80

     $

     251

      $

     272

      $

     292

      $

     313

      $

     333

      $

     354

      140

     160

     180

     200

     220

     240

     0.55

     $

     70

     $

     91

     $

     111

     $

     132

     $

     152

     $

     173

     0.60

     $

     86

     $

     107

     $

     127

     $

     148

     $

     169

     $

     189

     0.65

     $

     102

     $

     123

     $

     144

     $

     164

     $

     185

     $

     205

     0.70

     $

     119

     $

     139

     $

     160

     $

     181

     $

     201

     $

     222

     0.75

     $

     135

     $

     156

     $

     176

     $

     197

     $

     217

     $

     238

     0.80

     $

     151

     $

     172

     $

     193

     $

     213

     $

     234

     $

     254

      S ens it ivit y

     A na ly s is – IR R

     Pr ojec ts

     that’ s

     do

     come

     onli ne

     b ef or e y ea r

     end

     2022 ,

     w ill

     be

     see

     a n

     upl if t

     in

     IR R ...

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