太原五四小学教学楼设计和实现论文设计

时间：2021-04-09 20:06:56 来源：蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响人

相关热词搜索：太原 设计 教学楼

　 摘要:本次设计的题目是小学教学楼，它是位于太原市某小区，要求满足国家规范规定的办学标准，并且适应建筑安全的功能。我们需要学习小学建筑的布置，设计合理的方案，我们需要绘制建设计图，并且写一份计算书。

　建筑部分设计，我们按规定做，方便后续得建筑图得绘制，这次期间要考虑教室的采光，隔音，保温等功能，此小学教学楼总面积为 3280m2， 层高为 3900m，室内外差为 450mm.本小学教学楼是混凝土框架结构，共有四层。注意节省材料，选择最优的方案。我们作图中要注意细部构造的做法，每个图和每个图之间的对应关系，学习看图纸，了解小学教学楼的整体布置。

　结构部分设计，首先我们要确定结构方案，各部位的材料形式，然后是各部位的尺寸，计算竖向和水平作用下的内力，这些内力进行组合，按最不利的结果得到每部分的配筋。在此过程中，我们要学习并运用基本得力学计算方法，我们要一步一步完成，先计算各种荷载，然后是内力，最后进行配筋。我们要学习这些过程。

　关键词：砼结构;小学教学楼设计：空间设计；计算方法

　Abstract：The subject of this design is the primary school teaching building, which is located in a residential area of Taiyuan city. It is required to meet the national standard for running schools, and adapt to the function of building safety. We need to learn the layout of primary school buildings, design a reasonable plan, we need to draw architectural drawings and structural drawings, and a calculation sheet.

　 For the design of the building, we need to meet the specification requirements and draw the plan and elevation. During this period, we need to consider the lighting, sound insulation, heat preservation and other functions of the classroom. The total area of this primary school teaching building is 3280m2, the floor height is 3900m, and the indoor and outdoor difference is 450mm. This primary school teaching building is a concrete frame structure, with four floors in total. Pay attention to material saving and choose the best scheme. In drawing, we should pay attention to the practice of detail construction, the corresponding relationship between each drawing and each drawing, learn to look at the drawings and understand the overall layout of the primary school teaching building.

　 In the design of structural parts, we should first determine the structural scheme, the material form of each part, then the size of each part, calculate the internal forces under the vertical and horizontal actions, and combine these internal forces to get the reinforcement of each part according to the most unfavorable results. n diesem Prozess müssen wir lernen und die grundlegenden mechanischen Berechnungsmethoden anwenden. Wir müssen Schritt für Schritt vervollständigen, zuerst verschiedene Lasten berechnen, dann innere Kräfte und schließlich Verstärkung.Wir müssen diese Prozesse lernen. Keywords: Concrete structure; Primary school teaching building design: Space design ; Calculation method

　目录

　第 第1 章

　设计资料 ....................................................................................................................................................... 1

　1.1 工程概况 ................................................................................................................................................................. 1

　1.2 建筑规模及功能要求 ........................................................................................................................................... 1

　1.3 材料选用 ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.4 设计依据 ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 第2 2 章

　结构选型及结构布置 ................................................................................................................................. 2 2.1构 结构 选型 .................................................................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 结构布置 .................................................................................................................................................................. 3

　2.3 梁柱截面尺寸初选 ................................................................................................................................................. 3

　2.3.1 梁截面初选 .................................................................................................................................................. 3

　2.4 结构计算简图 .......................................................................................................................................................... 3

　第 第3 章

　荷载计算 ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

　3.1 恒载计算 .................................................................................................................................................................. 4

　3.1.1 屋面 ............................................................................................................................................................... 4

　3.1.2 楼面 ............................................................................................................................................................... 6

　3.1.3 屋面框架节点集中荷载标准值 .............................................................................................................. 6

　3.1.4 楼面框架节点集中荷载标准值 ............................................................................................................. 7

　3.1.5 恒荷载作用下的计算简图 ....................................................................................................................... 9

　3.2 活荷载计算 .............................................................................................................................................................. 9

　3.2.1 屋面 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9

　3.2.2 楼面 ............................................................................................................................................................... 9

　3.2.3 屋面框架节点集中荷载标准值 .............................................................................................................. 9

　3.2.4 楼面框架节点集中荷载标准值 ............................................................................................................ 10

　3.2.5. 活载在横向框架梁上的作用的梯形或三角形荷载 ......................................................................... 10

　3.3 风荷载计算 ............................................................................................................................................................ 11

　3.3.1 确定各系数的值 ....................................................................................................................................... 11

　3.3.2 计算各楼层标高处的风荷载 ................................................................................................................. 11

　3.3.3 风荷载作用下的结构计算图 ................................................................................................................. 12

　3.4. 水平地震作用计算 ............................................................................................................................................... 12

　3.4.1 重力荷载代表值计算 .............................................................................................................................. 12

　3.4.2 框架柱抗侧刚度D 和结构基本自振周期计算 ................................................................................. 14

　3.4.3 多遇水平地震作用计算 .......................................................................................................................... 16

　3.4.4 多遇水平地震作用下变形验算（如下表）

　...................................................................................... 17

　3.4.5 风荷载作用下的水平位移验算 ............................................................................................................ 18

　第 第4 章

　内力计算 ..................................................................................................................................................... 19

　4.1 恒载作用下的内力计算 ...................................................................................................................................... 19

　4.1.1 计算方法的选用 ....................................................................................................................................... 19

　4.1.2 等效均布荷载的计算 .............................................................................................................................. 19

　4.1.3 用弯矩分配法计算梁、柱端弯矩 ........................................................................................................ 20

　4.1.4 跨中弯矩计算 ........................................................................................................................................... 24

　4.1.5 由各分层单元计算整个结构在恒载作用下的弯矩图 .................................................................... 25

　4.1.6 梁端剪力、两端控制截面的弯矩（柱边）

　...................................................................................... 27

　4.1.7 柱轴力计算 ................................................................................................................................................ 30

　4.2 活载作用下的内力计算..................................................................................................................................... 32

　4.2.1 计算方法的选用 ....................................................................................................................................... 32

　4.2.2 等效均布荷载的计算 .............................................................................................................................. 32 4.2.3 用弯矩分配法计算梁柱端弯矩 .................................................................