中考英语热点题型专练：新冠肺炎疫情之短文填空（附答案与全解全析）.

时间：2020-06-02 16:21:22 来源：蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响人

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　2020 中考英语热点题型专练:新冠肺炎疫情之短文填空 话题: 短文填空一 本文介绍了新型冠状病毒肺炎 短文填空二 2020 年初武汉新型冠状病毒肆虐，恐慌之中人们选择待在家中以防感染。

　短文填空三 介绍一位来自广东省抗疫的医生——钟南山 短文填空四 介绍武汉金银滩医院院长张定宇带着•“渐冻""之躯奋斗在对抗新冠肺炎的一线 短文填空五 新冠肺炎疫情

　空一 Fill in the blanks with proper words. COVID-!9（ 新型冠状病毒肺炎）

　1 first reported in late December. 2 is believed to have spread to humans from wild animals sold at a market in Wuhan, a city in central China. Since then, it 3 spread across China and to more than 20 countries and territories around the world. Some scientists said People 4 have weaker immune systems（ 免疫系统）

　might get it more easily 5 those who have stronger immune systems. 空二 My name is the novel coronavirus （新型冠状病毒）. I am very contagious （传染性的）. When I live 1 wild animals, I don"t hurt humans （人类）. But some people do not respect （尊重）

　nature. Then, I can jump from animals to humans. People arc afraid of me 2 I can make them very sick. I can jump from one person to another, making many people sick. That"s why people stay at home and hide from me. But there 3 many ways to cure （治愈）

　the sickness. Doctors, nurses and scientists are working very hard to help the people that got sick because of me. If you 4 want to get sick, you have to: Don"t go to crowded places. Wash your hands. Wear 5 mask （口 罩）

　when you go out. I think my time will be over soon. People will return to their happy lives. 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每 词限用一次。

　crowd; so; good; die; who; across; brave; call; fight; hero As the saying goes, "A hero is known in the time of misfortune （ 不幸）

　Zhong Nanshan is a hero like ihis.

　He is a doctor in Guangdong, 1 saved many people"s lives in 2003. In 2003, SA RS broke out in Guangdong. Later, it spread 2 China and other parts of the world. Patients coughed a lot and got fevers. Hundreds of them even 3 from the disease. Even many doctors and nurses got SARS when they treated patients. So everyone was afraid of it.. But Zhong was 4 enough to fight against the disease . Zhong spent days and nights to find out the cause of the disease. And with his way of treating, many patients began to get 5 Zhong finally won people"s trust . In early 2020, a disease 6 Novel coronavirus pneumonia（ 新型冠状病毒肺炎）

　hit Wuhan. It spread 7 quickly that around tens of thousands of Chinese people were infected （感染）. Zhong, 84, led his team to Wuhan and 8 against the illness . Zhong"s team took many measures to cure the patients with Novel coronavirus pneumonia. He advised people to wear masks, wash hands frequently （频繁地）, stay at home and not to go to 9 places. Zhong likes sports very much. When he was 67, he could still play basketball. Now at the age of 84, Zhong still treats patients in the hospital and teaches young doctors. “】

　am just a doctor." Zhong says. But we think he is a 10 and a fighter. 短文填空四 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的 词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

　Zhang Dingyu, the 1 （direct）

　of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, leads over 600 doctors and nurses fighting against the Novel coronavirus pncumonia（ 新型冠状病毒肺炎）， which has caused hundreds of deaths in central China"s Hubei Province. As Zhang led over 600 doctors and nurses fighting the disease, his 2 /strcindV way of walking shocked his colleagues. He finally admitted that he had 3 ill with ALS （渐冻症）

　since October 2018 after constant researches. ALS is a disease that gradually blocks the connection between brain and body. People with ALS become partially paralyzed （ 瘫痪的）

　leading to respiratory （呼吸系统的）

　4 （fail）. While working with handicapped （残疾的）

　legs, his wife was confirmed to get infected with the virus after working in another hospital. The bad news brought him to his knees, and he cried fbr the first time after the virus broke 5 . Zhang could only find time to visit his wife until three days after she was 6 （send）

　to the hospital. Even then he could only stay there fbr 30 minutes. 7 ffolfbnatli/. the good news came that his wife had recovered ten days after 8_ ftrirtmont/. Zhang, 57, has oftcred medical services along with Chinese medical teams to many areas. Three days after the

　earthquake 9 （hit）

　central Sichuan Province in 2008, Zhang entered the city with his medical team members to offer help. *l Lifc is always short. I need to do more to finish the things that I might leave behind, then I would leave_10 too many regrets,"* Zhang said. "We arc at the center of a storm, so we need to give all we have to protect our city, and our Wuhan people,"* Zhang said. 疝 阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　Learn from the virus The epidemic （疫情）

　is scary. But it"s not all bad. In fact, we can learn some lessons from it. Learn to be responsible When facing the epidemic, everyone has to be ready. People have diftcrent responsibilities （责任）. Doctors fight on the frontline to treat patients. Police olYicers stay in position to keep us safe. Delivery men （快递员）

　deliver daily things to us. What are your responsibilities? 1 . Learn to respect Feeling afraid is not a bad thing. 2 When you respect laws, you arc careful about what you do. When you respect others, you arc kind to them. When you respect nature, you try to protect it. Don"t jusi be afraid. Try to do what you believe in and do it with a respectful mind. 3 If you want to learn about something, you can easily find a lot of information about it online. But is all of it correct? Don"t get lost（ 迷失）

　in a sea of information. Think critically（ 审辨性地）. You can also ask your parents or teachers and listen to what they say. Learn to be calm 4 . These feelings are normal. When there are unexpected （意夕卜的）

　changes, people might feel like this. But life is full of unexpected changes. Try to accept them calmly. Learn to be alone The epidemic forces us to stay at home 5 But being alone isn"t a bad thing. You have time to do things that you didn"t have time to do before. Also, you can learn to be independent （独立的）. A. Learn to tell right from wrong

　B. You can learn to replace your fear with respect. C. Just follow the news and keep healthy to keep the virus away. D. You might feel bored and miss your friends. E. You might feel nervous and worried.

　《新冠肺炎之短文填空》答案+详解 话题: 短文填空一 本文介绍了新型冠状病毒肺炎 短文填空二 2020 年初武汉新型冠状病毒肆虐，恐慌之中人们选择待在家中以防感染。

　短文填空三 介绍一位来自广东省抗疫的医生——钟南山 短文填空四 介绍武汉金银滩医院院长张定宇带着•“渐冻""之躯奋斗在对抗新冠肺炎的一线 短文填空五 新冠肺炎疫情

　空一 Fill in the blanks with proper words. COVID-!9（ 新型冠状病毒肺炎）

　1 first reported in late December. 2 is believed to have spread to humans from wild animals sold at a market in Wuhan, a city in central China. Since then, it 3 spread across China and to more than 20 countries and territories around the world. Some scientists said People 4 have weaker immune systems（ 免疫系统）

　might get it more easily 5 those who have stronger immune systems. 【文章大意】本文介绍了新型冠状病毒肺炎。

　COVID-19 在 12 月底首次被报道。人们认为它是从中国 中部城市武汉的一个市场上出售的野生动物传播到人类的。从那时起，它已经遍布中国，遍及全球 20 多 个国家和地区。一些科学家说，免疫系统较弱的人可能比免疫系统较强的人更容易得这种病。

　1. was ［ 解析】句意：新型冠状病毒肺炎在 12 月底首次被报道。根据句意可知此句主语和谓语动词是被 动关系，时 in late December 是过去的时间，可知此句是一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是 was/wcre done：

　此句主语 C0VIA19三单可知使用 was 。故答案为 was 。

　2. It 【解析】句意：人们认为它是从中国中部城市武汉的一个市场上出件的野生动物传播到人类的。句型 It is believed that + 句子：据信 .. ,人们认为 ...... 故答案为 It 。

　3. has ［ 解析】句意：从那时起，它已经遍布中国，遍及全球 20 多个国家和地区。根据时间 Since then 可 知此句时态是现在完成时，其构成 has^avedone. 本句主语 it 三单形式，可知使用 has：

　故答案为 has 。

　4. who 【解析】句意：一些科学家说，免疫系统较弱的人可能比免疫系统较强的人更容易得这种病。本句 是宾语从句，主句是 Some scientists said. 宾语从句是 People _4_have weaker immune systems］ 免疫系 统）

　might get it more easily 5_ those who have stronger immune systems., 宾语从句的主语是 "People 4_have weaker immune systems（ 免疫系统）"，它包含了一个定语从句：先行词 people 是人， 关系代词在定语从句中做主语，可知使用关系代词 who 。故答案为who 。

　5. than 【解析】句意：一些科学家说，免疫系统较弱的人可能比免疫系统较强的人更容易得这种病。根据 比较级“moreeasily" 结合句意可知空格后而是引出比较对象.可知填 than 。故答案为 than 。

　空二 My name is the novel coronavirus （新型冠状病毒）. I am very contagious （传染性的）. When I live 1 wild animals, 1 don"t hurt humans （人类）. But some people do not respect （ 尊重）

　nature. Then, I can jump from animals to humans. People are afraid of me 2 I can make them very sick. 1 can jump from one person to another, making many people sick. That"s why people stay at home and hide from me. But there 3 many ways to cure （治愈）

　the sickness. Doctors, nurses and scientists are working very hard to help the people that got sick because of me. If you 4 want to get sick, you have to: Don"t go to crowded places. Wash your hands. Wear 5 mask （口 罩）

　when you go out. I think my time will be over soon. People will return to their happy lives. 【文章大意】文章以第一人称的形式介绍了新冠病毒的来源，以及怎么来到人类这里，可以在人与人 之间进行传播的内容，文章还介绍了避免被感染的方法是：不聚集，勤洗手，外出戴口罩等。

　1. with ［ 解析】句意：当我和野生动物生活在一起时，我不伤害人类。根据句意可知是“和野生动物生活 在一起"，live with sb 和某人生活在一起：故填 witho 2. because ［ 解析】句意：人们害怕我,因为我能让他们生病。

　People arc afraid of me A 们害怕我, lean make them very sick.我能让他们生病，这两句之间是因果关系：故填 because o

　3. are ［ 解析】句意：但是有许多方法能治愈疾病。根据句意可知是“有许多方法”， there be 有， many ways 许多方法；故填 arc 。

　4. don"t 【解析】句意：如果你不想得病。根据 you have to: Don"t go to crowded places. Wash your hands 你 不得不：不去人多的地方，勤洗手，可知是不想得病， want 实意动词，主语 you, 否定句在谓语动词前 加 don"t：

　故填 don"to 5. a 【解析】句意：当你外出时，带一个口罩。根据 mask 可数名词单数，辅音音素开头：故填 a 。

　阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每 词限用一次。

　crowd; so; good; die; who; across; brave; call; fight; hero As the saying goes, "A hero is known in the time of misfortune （ 不幸）

　Zhong Nanshan is a hero like this.

　He is a doctor in Guangdong, 1 saved many people"s lives in 2003. In 2003, SA RS broke out in Guangdong. Later, it spread 2 China and other parts of the world. Patients coughed a lot and got fevers. Hundreds of them even 3 from the disease. Even many doctors and nurses got SARS when they treated patients. So everyone was afraid of it.. But Zhong was 4 enough to fight against the disease . Zhong spent days and nights to find out the cause of the disease. And with his way of treating, many patients began to get 5 Zhong finally won people"s trust . In early 2020, a disease 6 Novel coronavirus pneumonia（ 新型冠状病毒肺炎）

　hit Wuhan. It spread 7 quickly that around tens of thousands of Chinese people were infected （感染）. Zhong, 84, led his team to Wuhan and 8 against the illness . Zhong"s team took many measures to cure the patients with Novel coronavirus pneumonia. He advised people to wear masks, wash hands frequently （频繁地）, stay at home and not to go to 9 places. Zhong likes sports very much. When he was 67, he could still play basketball. Now at the age of 84, Zhong still treats patients in the hospital and teaches young doctors. “】

　am just a doctor." Zhong says. But we think he is a 10 and a fighter. 【文章大意】文章主要介绍一位来自广东省的医生——钟南山。他于 2003 年战胜了 SARS 病毒，拯 救了很多人的生命。现在他又带领他的团队在武汉与新型冠状病毒引发的肺炎作斗争。他是英雄也是战士。

　1. who 【解析】句意：他是广东省的一名医生，他在 2003 年拯救了许多人的生命。考查关系代词。根据 句意及句子结构可知，此空填 who 。，关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，并充当从句的主语，修饰先 行词 a doctor （指人）。故答案 为 who 2. across 【解析】句意：后来，它扩散至金中国和世界的其他地区。考查介词的用法。

　across” 在......各处， 遍及"，介词，与 spread 构成动词短语：

　spread across （China）, 意为“瑾延至整个（中国）"<■故答案为 across o

　3. died 【解析】句意：他们中的许多人甚至死于这种疾病。考查动词短语。由句意和句子结构可知，此空 填 died “死亡”， die 的过去式，与 Gom 构成动词短语，“死于”。故答案为 died 。

　4. brave ［ 解析】句意：但钟很勇敢,敢于与这种疾病作斗争。考查系表结构- was 后接形容词构成系表 结构。再根据句意可知.此空填 brave,” 勇敢的、故答案为 brave 。

　5. better ［ 解析】句意：在他的治疗方法下，许多病人的病情开始好转了。考查形容词比较级的用法。根 据句意及句子结构可知.此空填 better, “更好的"，形容词 good 的比较级形式。

　get better “变得更好”，与 原来的身体状态形成对比。故答案为 better 。

　6. called ［ 解析】句意：

　2020 年初，一种被叫作新型冠状病毒肺炎的疾病袭击武汉。考查过去分词的用法。

　根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填 called," 被叫作 ..... 的"<> called Novel coronavirus pneumonia 是过去分 词短语作后置定语修饰 disease 。故答案为 called 。

　7. so 【解析】句意：它传播得如此之快，以至于成千上万的中国人被感染。考查固定搭配。根据句意及句 子结构可知，此空填 so, 与 that 构成固定搭配，即：

　so+ 形容词/副词 +that- 从句,“如此...以至于„二故 答案为 so 。

　8. fought ［ 解析】句意：

　84 岁的钟南山率领他的团队来到武汉并和这种疾病作斗争。考查动词短语。由谓 语动词 led 可知，该句用一般过去时。再根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填 fought, fight 的过去式，与 against 构成动词短语：

　fought against,** 与 ............. 作斗争故答案为 fbught 。

　9. crowded 【解析】句意：......不要到人员密集的地方。考查定语。根据句意及句子结构可知，此空填 crowded. 由crowd 派生而来的形容词，“人（太）多的，拥挤的故答案为 crowded 。

　10. hero 【解析】句意：但我们认为他是一名英雄和战士。考查表语。根据句意及所给词汇可知.此空填 hero/* 英雄”，与下文 -fighter "一起作表语。故答案为 hero 。

　短文填空四 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，要求所填的 词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。

　Zhang Dingyu, the 1 （direct）

　of Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, leads over 600 doctors and nurses fighting against the Novel coronavirus pncumonia（ 新型冠状病毒肺炎）， which has caused hundreds of deaths in central China"s Hubei Province. As Zhang led over 600 doctors and nurses fighting the disease, his 2 /stremdx/ way of walking shocked his colleagues. He finally admitted that he had 3 ill with ALS （渐冻症）

　since October 2018 after constant researches. ALS is a disease that gradually blocks the connection between brain and body. People with ALS become partially paralyzed （ 瘫痪的）

　leading to respiratory （呼吸系统的）

　4 （fail）. While working with handicapped （残疾的）

　legs, his wife was confirmed to get infected with the virus after working in another hospital. The bad news brought him to his knees, and he cried fbr the first time after the virus broke 5 . Zhang could only find time to visit his wife until three days after she was 6 （send）

　to the hospital. Even then he could only stay there fbr 30 minutes. 7 ffolfbnatli/. the good news came that his wife had recovered ten days after 8_ ftrirtmant/. Zhang, 57, has oftcred medical services along with Chinese medical teams to many areas. Three days after the

　earthquake 9 (hit) central Sichuan Province in 2008, Zhang entered the city with his medical team members to offer help. “Lift is always short. I need to do more to finish the things that I might leave behind, then I would leave_10 too many regrets,"* Zhang said. "We arc at the center of a storm, so we need to give all we have to protect our city, and our Wuhan people,"* Zhang said. 【文章大意】本文主要向我们介绍武汉金银滩医院院长张定宇带着“渐冻"之躯依然奋斗在对抗新冠肺 炎的一线。

　1. director ［ 解析】句意：武汉金银滩医院院长张定宇带领 600 多名医护人员抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎，该 病毒已在中国中部湖北省造成数百人死亡。

　direct 动词，翻译为“管理.指导分析句子可知，此处用于 “thc+ 名词 +o 「结构中，在句中作 Zhang Dingyu 的同位语，所以此处用其名词原形即可。故填 director 。

　2. strange 【解析】句意：当张带领 600 多名医生和护士与病魔作斗争时，他奇怪的走路方式让同事们感到 震惊。根据音标 /stremdj /可知.此处表示“奇怪的"，可用 strange 表示：此处用于句中作定语修饰其后的 名词 way, 所以用其形容词原形即可。故填 strange 。

　3. been ［ 解析】句意：经过不断的研究，他终于承认 fl 己从 2018 年 10 月开始就患有渐冻症了。分析句子 可知，此处构成“现在完成时 +since+ 一般过去时"结构，表示延续性，需用 have done 形式：“生病”的延 续性可用 be ill表示。故填 been 。

　4. failure ［ 解析】句意：渐冻症患者会部分瘫痪，导致呼吸衰竭。的动词，翻译为“失败分析句子可 知，此处用于介词 t 。后作宾语，所以用其名词形式。

　故填 failure., 5. out 【解析】句意：坏消息使他崩溃了，在病毒爆发后，他第一次哭了。分析句子可知，此处表示“爆发" 的含义，可用动词短语 break out 表示。故填 out 。

　6. sent 【解析】句意：张直到她的妻子被送进医院三夭后才能抽出时间去看望她。

　send 动词，翻译为“送 分析句子可知，主语 she 是动作 send 的承受者，此处应用被动语态 be done 结构，所以用其过去分词形 式。故填 sent 。

　7. Fortunately 【解析】句意：幸运的是，好消息来了，他的妻子在治疗后十天就康复了。根据音标 ffortfanatli/ 可知.此处表示“幸运地”，可用 fortunately 表示：此处用于句中作状语修饰整个句子，所以用 其副词形式，用于句首需大写首字母。故填 Fortunately 。

　8. treatment ［ 解析】句意：幸运的是，好消息来了，他的妻子在治疗后十天就康复了。根据音标 /"trirtmantM 知，此处表示“治疔"，可用 treatment 表示；此处用于介词 aRcr 之后作宾语，所以用其名词 原形即可。故填 treatment»

　9. hit ［ 解析】句意：

　2008 年四川地震发生三天后，张和他的医疗小组成员进入城市提供帮助。

　hit 动词， 翻译为“袭击分析句子可知，本句时间状语是 in 2008. 表示一般过去时，所以用其动词过去式。故填 hit. 10.hit 【解析】句意：“生命总是短暂的。我需要做更多的事情来完成那些我可能会离开的事情，这样我 就不会有太多的遗憾了。"张说。分析句子可知，此处表示“没有"的含义，用于句中作伴随状语，可用 without 表示。故填 withouto 阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　Learn from the virus The epidemic （疫情）

　is scary. But it"s not all bad. In fact, we can I cam some lessons from it. Learn to be responsible When facing the epidemic, everyone has to be ready. People have diflercnt responsibilities （责任）. Doctors fight on the frontline to treat patients. Police officers stay in position to keep us safe. Delivery men （快递员）

　deliver daily things to us. What arc your responsibilities? 1 . Learn to respect Feeling afraid is not a bad thing. 2 When you respect laws, you arc careful about what you do. When you respect others, you arc kind to them. When you respect nature, you try to protect it. Don"t just be afraid. Try to do what you believe in and do it with a respectful mind. 3 If you want to learn about something, you can easily find a lot of information about it online. Bui is all of it correct? Don"t get lost （迷失）

　in a sea of information. Think critically （审辨性地）. You can also ask your parents or teachers and listen to what they say. Learn to be calm 4 . These feelings arc normal. When there arc unexpected （意夕卜的）

　changes, people might feel like this. But life is full of unexpected changes. Try to accept them calmly. Learn to be alone The epidemic forces us to stay at home 5 But being alone isn"t a bad thing. You have time to do things that you didn"t have time to do before. Also, you can learn to be independent （独立的）.

　A. Learn to tell right from wrong B. You can learn to replace your fear with respect. C. Just follow the news and keep healthy to keep the virus away. D. You might feel bored and miss your friends. E. You might feel nervous and worried. 【文章大意】文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，讲的是疫情是可怕的，但不全是坏的。文章就我们能够 向病毒学到什么，提出五点建议一学会负责任、学会尊重、学会明辨是非、学会冷静和学会独处。

　1-C 【解析】根据所给空前面的句子 “What arc your responsibilities?， 、，你的责任是什么？"，故知此处说的是: 只要关注新闻，保持健康.远离病毒，故选 C 。

　2. B ［ 解析】根据所给空前面的句 ^"Feeling airaid is not a bad 怕不是坏事”，故知此处说的是：你 可以学会用敬畏来代替恐惧，故选 B 。

　3. A 【解析】根据所给空后面的句子 -Ifyou ......isallofitcorrect?" 如果你想了解一些东西，你可以很容易 地在网上找到很多关于它的信息。但这一切都对吗？"，故知此处说的是：学会分辨是非，故选 A 。

　4. E 【解析】根据所给空后面的句子 "These feelings arc normal. When there arc unexpected （意外的）

　changes, people might feel like this" 这些感觉是正常的。当出现意想不到的变化时，人们可能会有这种感觉"，故 知此处说的是：你可能会感到紧张和焦虑，故选 E 。

　5. D 【解析】根据所给空前面的句子 “The epidemic forces us to stay at home" 、"疫情迫使我们呆在家里"和后面 的 “But being alone isn"t a bad things 但独处并不是坏事"，故知此处说的是：你可能会觉得无聊，想念你 的朋友，故选 D 。