2021大学英语四六级翻译及听力必考词

时间：2021-06-10 10:10:51 来源：蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响人

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　2021 大学英语四六级翻译 及听力 必考词 一. . 中国文化类 带星号（*）为六级同学掌握，四级可以不用看 四大发明：the four great inventions 印刷术/*活字印刷术：printing/movable-type printing 造纸术：paper-making 指南针：compass 火药：gunpowder 丝绸之路：the Silk Road 瓷器/*陶器：china/pottery 硬币/纸币：coins/paper bills 对外贸易/海外贸易/*海上贸易：foreign trade/overseas trade/maritime commerce 古代文明：ancient civilization 文化交流：cultural exchange 文化冲突：cultural shock/cultural conflict 文化产业：cultural industry 文化遗产：cultural heritage 乡村文化：rural culture 民族文化：national culture 民间艺术：folk art 表演艺术：performing art

　特征：feature/characteristic 祖先：ancestor 哲学家：philosopher 中国文学：Chinese literature 中外学者：Chinese and overseas scholars 巨著：great works 显著成就：remarkable achievements 神话/传说：myth/legend 阳历/阴历：solar calendar/lunar calendar 金/木/水/火/土：metal/wood/water/fire/earth 工艺/手工艺品：craft/ handicraft 唐朝：Tang Dynasty 始于...年/持续...时间/灭亡：begin in/last for/collapse 统治/统治者：govern (v.) rule (v)/ruler (n.)在...统治下：during the reign of ... 权力/权威：power/authority 戏剧/京剧/剧院：drama/Peking Opera/theater 诗人/政客：poet/politician 少数民族：ethnic minority 社会地位：social status 起源于：originate in/from … （在一个地方起源用 in，从一个地方起源用 from）

　追溯到: be traced back to …/trace … back to… 发源地：birthplace 古代：ancient times 现代：modern times 独特元素：a unique element 组成（选一背诵即可）：A constitute B/A comprise B/A make up B （A 组成 B）B consist of A/B is composed of A （B由 A 组成）

　【常见错误：切忌不要用 comprise of】

　工业革命：industrial revolution 代表：represent/stand for 象征：symbolize (v.) /symbolic (adj.) /symbol (n.) 繁荣：prosperous (adj.) / prosperity (n.) /flourish (v.)国宝：national treasure *腐败：corruption *扩大领土：extend the territory/domain *夺取政权：seize the power *才子佳人：gifted scholars and beautiful ladies *下棋饮茶：play chess and drink tea *耕耘收割：sow and reap *织布缝衣：weave and sew *湖上打渔：fish on the lake

　*砍柴采药：cut firewood and gather herbs *吟诗作画：compose poems and paint pictures 经典模板句练习：

　1.中国武术（martial art）的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练 (CET-4)。

　The origin of Chinese martial art can be traced back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and ancient Chinese military training. 2.构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国 (CET-4)。

　Many elements which constitute/comprise the foundation of the modern world originated in China. 3.最出名的就是门神和三大神——福神、薪神和寿神（Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity），寓意着庄稼丰收，家畜兴旺和庆祝春节 (CET-4,6)。

　The most famous ones are Door Gods and Three Gods of Blessing, Salaryand Longevity, symbolizing/which symbolize the good/abundant harvest of crops, the prosperity of domestic/home animals and the celebration of the Spring Festival.

　4.那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的 (CET-4)。

　At that time, yellow was only/exclusively used for the emperor. The royal palace was painted yellow and the imperial robe was always yellow. However, ordinary people were forbidden to wear clothes of the color. 5.反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家（Taoist）对自然的感情。(CET-6) The rural life ideal reflected in the arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization. This, to a large extent, can be attributed to the Taoist affection towards nature. 6.汉朝统治期间有很多显著的成就，它最先向其他文化敞开了大门，对外贸易兴旺。汉朝开拓的丝绸之路通向中西亚乃至罗马，各类艺术流派繁荣，涌现了很多文学，历史，哲学巨著。(CET-6) There are a number of remarkable achievements during the reign of the Han dynasty, which first unlocked the door to other cultures and made foreign trade prosperous. The Silk Road which the Han dynasty

　has explored led to Central and Western Asia, and even to Rome, with all varieties of art schools flourishing and many works in literature, history and philosophy. 7.大妈是对中年妇女的称呼，但是现在特指不久前金价大跌时大量购买黄金的中国妇女。(CET-6) The word “dama” is used to describe middle-aged women. However, it particularly refers to those Chinese women who rushed to purchase a large amount of gold when the gold price decreased sharply not long ago. 8.宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字（movable-type）印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热闹的娱乐场所。社会生活多种多样。人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府体质在当时也是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔任用。(CET-6) The Song Dynasty was the first to use gunpowder and to invent movable-type printing. With rapidly increasing population, more and more people moved into cities, in which entertainment venues were very busy. There are many forms of social life. The Song dynasty also had an advanced government system in the world. All of the government officials were selected and appointed through the competitive examination.

　二. . 旅游城市类 风景/风光：scenery/landscape 目的地：destination 景点：tourist attraction/scenic spot 游览：sightseeing (n.)/see the sight 历史古迹：historic site 文物：cultural relic 位于：be located in 以…而闻名/作为…而闻名：be famous for …/be famous as 享誉盛名：earn a great reputation 有…年历史：has a history of … years 面积/人口：area/population 平方公里：square kilometers 规模：scale 渔村/水乡：fishing village/water town 偏远地区：remote areas 日出/日落：sunrise/sunset 湿润的/干燥的：wet(humid)/dry 宏伟壮丽：magnificent 治疗疾病：treat diseases 温泉/瀑布：hot spring/waterfall 园林建筑：garden architecture

　寺庙/殿堂：temple/hall 塔：pagoda/tower 楼：mansion 亭：pavilion 溪/河/海：stream/river/sea 林/田/*牧：forest/field/pasture 东南角/东南部：southeastern corner/southeastern part 华北：North China/northern China/northern regions of China 陕南：southern Shaanxi 江南：Yangtze River Delta 山东省中部：in the center of Shandong Province *蜿蜒小路：winding road/trail 朝圣/朝圣者 pilgrimage/pilgrim *避暑胜地：summer resort *美不胜收：too many beautiful things to be appreciated at once *闻名遐迩：known far and wide *奇花异草：exotic flowers and herbs *络绎不绝：an endless stream 山水画：landscape painting 摄影：photography

　获得灵感：obtain inspiration 缆车：cable cars 新趋势：new trend/tendency 背包旅行/背包客：backpacking/backpacker 体验文化：experience cultures 丰富知识：enlarge knowledge 拓展视野：broaden horizon 生活节奏：life tempo/pace 餐馆/旅馆：restaurant/hotel 住宅/集市/庭院：dwelling/market/courtyard 洪水/干旱：flood/drought 衣食住行：clothing, meals, accommodation, transportation 月饼：moon cake 海鲜：seafood 年糕：rice cake 饺子：dumplings 面条：noodle 面粉：flour 粥：porridge 米饭（水稻）：rice 谷物（粮食）：grain

　小麦：wheat 三明治：sandwich 汉堡：hamburger 汤：soup 菜：dish/cuisine （dish 是一道菜，cuisine 是菜肴、烹饪）

　糖/盐/醋/酒/油：sugar/salt/vinegar/wine/oil 色/香/味/行：color/aroma/taste/appearance 酸/甜/苦/辣/咸/淡：sour/sweet/bitter/spicy/salty/light 煮/炸/熏/烤：boil/fry/smoke/bake(roast, grill) 西瓜/葡萄：watermelon/grape 经典模板句练习：

　1.黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。(CET-4)。Mount Huang is located in the south of Anhui province. With unique sceneries, it is particularly famous for the sunrise and the sea of clouds. 2.年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。

　(CET-4)。The number of young tourists/travelers/visitors is increasing, which can be attributed to the rapid growth of their income and the curiosity to explore the outside world.

　3.传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了。(CET-4)。

　It is said that Motse, one of the philosophers in ancient China, spent three years in Weifang in making the first kite in the world, and that the kite fell and crashed on the first day when it flew in the sky. 4.中国南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为主食；而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦。(CET-4)。

　Rice is mainly grown in southern China where people usually take rice as the staple food. However, because it is either too cold or too dry, it is impossible to grow rice in most of the northern regions of China, so the main crop there is wheat. 5.丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样、丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。(CET-4) There is beautiful natural scenery everywhere in Lijiang, and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with a great variety of cultural experiences. 6.珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。(CET-4)

　The Pearl River, an extensive river system in southern China, flows through Guangzhou City. It is the China’s third longest river which is only after the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. 7.长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。(CET-4) Flowing through many different ecosystems, the Yangtze River is the habitat to a whole host of endangered species and irrigates one fifth of the land in China. 8.中国园林是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山（rockworks）、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷（scroll）一般展现在面前。(CET-6) The Chinese garden has become a landscape of a unique style after an evolvement of more than 3000 years. It includes not only the large gardens built for royal members to enjoy themselves, but also the private gardens built for scholars, merchants and retired government

　workers to get rid of the noisy outside world. These gardens constitute a miniature designed to express the harmonious relationship between man and nature. A typical Chinese garden is surrounded by walls. In the garden, there are ponds, rockworks, trees, flowers and all kinds of buildings which are linked by winding trails and corridors. Wandering in the garden, people may feel that a series of well-designed scenery exhibit itself before us like a landscape scroll. 三. . 科学教育类 大一/大二/大三/大四：freshman/sophomore/junior/senior 学士/硕士/博士：bachelor/master/doctor 获得学位：obtain/receive a degree 文凭/证书：diploma/certificate 学年：academic year 学期：term/semester 学习成绩：academic record 学习表现：academic performance 学分：credit 毕业论文：thesis [本硕] dissertation [博士] 文科/理科：arts/science

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