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  • 《and用法总结》

    时间:2021-04-05 12:09:15 来源:蒲公英阅读网 本文已影响 蒲公英阅读网手机站

    相关热词搜索:用法

    《and用法总结》word版 本文关键词:用法,word

    《and用法总结》word版 本文简介:and用法总结:一、表示并列或对称的关系and可以用来连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子,可译为“和”、“并”、“又”、“兼”等。如:LucyandIgotoschoolfivedaysaweek.我和露西每周上五天学。(连接两个并列主语)Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeep

    《and用法总结》word版 本文内容:

    and用法总结:

    一、表示并列或对称的关系

    and可以用来连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子,可译为“和”、“并”、

    “又”、“兼”等。如:

    Lucy

    and

    I

    go

    to

    school

    five

    days

    a

    week.

    我和露西每周上五天学。(连接两个并列主语)

    You

    must

    look

    after

    yourself

    and

    keep

    healthy.你必须照顾自己并保持身体健康。(连接两个并列谓语)

    They

    teach

    us

    Chinese

    and

    we

    teach

    them

    English.他们教我们汉语,我们教他们英语。(连接两个简单句)

    如果连接两个以上的词语,通常把and放在最后一个词语前面;为了强调,可在两者之间分别加上and;把词语连接起来时,

    通常把较短的词语放在前面。如:

    I

    like

    eggs,meat,rice,bread

    and

    milk.我喜欢鸡蛋、肉、米饭、面包和牛奶。

    All

    that

    afternoon

    I

    jumped

    and

    sang

    and

    did

    all

    kinds

    of

    things.那天整个下午我又唱又跳,做各种各样的事情。

    The

    apples

    are

    big

    and

    delicious.苹果又大又好吃。

    有些用and连接的词语,次序是固定的,不能随意改变。如:

    men,women

    and

    children男人、妇女和儿童;

    fish

    and

    chips

    炸鱼加炸土豆片等。

    二、表示目的

    在口语中,and常用在go,come,try等动词后连接另一个动词,表示目的。此时and相当于

    to,不必译出。如:

    Go

    and

    see!去看看!

    Come

    and

    meet

    the

    family.来见见这家人。

    三、表示条件和结果

    在祈使句后,常用and连接一个简单句,表示条件与结果的关系,

    它们在语法上是并列关系,但在意义上却是主从关系,也可译为“如果……就……”。如:

    Work

    hard

    and

    you

    will

    live

    happily.=If

    you

    work

    hard,you

    will

    live

    happily.如果你努力工作,你就会活得愉快。

    Come

    early

    and

    you

    will

    see

    him.=If

    you

    come

    early,you

    will

    see

    him.如果你早来的话,你就会见到他。

    四、表示承接关系

    and用在句首,起承上启下的作用,

    可译为“因此”、“那么”、“于是”等,也可不译。如:

    And

    what

    s

    this?那么这是什么呢?

    And

    the

    air

    today

    is

    nice

    and

    clean.今天的空气真清新。

    五、表示动词的先后关系

    and常用来连接两个动词或动词词组,后一个动词所表示的

    动作发生得迟一点

    。此时and相当于then,可译为“然后”。如:

    Then

    he

    got

    out

    of

    the

    lift

    and

    climbed

    up

    to

    the

    fifteenth

    floor

    on

    foot.于是他从电梯里走出来,然后步行爬上第15层楼。

    Go

    along

    the

    street,and

    take

    the

    third

    turning

    on

    the

    right.沿这条街走,然后在第三个路口向右拐。

    六、表示动作上的伴随关系

    and连接两个动词,

    动作同时发生,前一个动词表示姿势或状态,后一个动词表示伴随动作,

    and

    相当于while,可译为“边……边……”。如:

    They

    talked

    and

    laughed

    happily.他们愉快地边谈边笑。

    The

    baby

    watched

    and

    listened.这个婴儿边看边听。

    七、表示因果关系

    and连接两个动词或两个分句,带有因果关系,此时and相当于so,

    可译为“便”、“于是”、“因而”、

    “结果”等。如:

    She

    couldn

    t

    find

    her

    mother

    and

    began

    to

    cry.她找不到妈妈,于是哭了起来。

    It

    s

    a

    fine

    day

    today,and

    everyone

    is

    busy.

    今天是个好天气,因而人人都很忙。

    八、表示意义上的增补

    and连接两个分句,第二个分句是第一个分句的补充或进一步说明,可译为“又”、“同时”等。如:

    If

    you

    want

    to

    be

    thinner

    and

    healthier,you

    have

    to

    eat

    less

    food—and

    you

    also

    have

    to

    take

    more

    exercise.

    如果你想既苗条又健康,你就得少吃食物——同时,你还得多进行运动。

    Don

    t

    be

    late—Oh,and

    put

    on

    your

    old

    clothes.别迟到——噢,还要穿上你的旧衣服。

    九、表示递进与转折and表示转折时,相当于but,但语气较弱,可译为“而且”、“可

    是”、“不过”

    或不译。

    如:I

    mean

    you

    eat

    too

    much,and

    you

    don

    t

    take

    enough

    exercise.

    我的意思是你吃的太多,而且运动得不够。

    They

    call

    me

    Lily

    sometimes,and

    I

    don

    t

    always

    tell

    them

    that

    they

    ve

    made

    a

    mistake.

    他们有时叫我莉莉,但我并不总是告诉他们说他们弄错了。

    十、表示强调,加强语气

    用and

    连接两个相同的动词表示动作的反复;用and连接两个相同的副词,表示动作的延续;用and连接同一个形容词或副词的比较级表示程度的逐

    步加深。如:

    The

    baby

    laughed

    and

    laughed.这个婴儿笑呀,笑个不停。

    They

    talked

    on

    and

    on

    very

    happily.他们很高兴地谈了又谈。

    She

    looked

    at

    me

    and

    cried

    harder

    and

    harder.她看着我,哭得越来越厉害。

    十一、and有时连接两个反义词

    and连接的两个反义词在句中作状语或后置定语,这两个词的次序不得颠倒。如:

    He

    uses

    a

    lift

    to

    go

    up

    and

    down.他乘电梯上楼下楼。

    When

    Christ

    was

    born

    nearly

    two

    thousand

    years

    ago.

    many

    people,rich

    and

    poor,gave

    him

    presents.差不多两千年前,耶稣出生时,许多人,无论贫富,都给他礼物。

    十二、and连接两个数词或连接百位和十位之间的数词,前者可译为“加”,后者则不译。如:

    What

    s

    one

    and

    two?一加二是多少?

    There

    are

    three

    hundred

    and

    sixty-five

    days

    in

    a

    year.一年有365天。

    十三、and用于固定词组或结构中。如:

    Both

    John

    and

    Ann

    have

    got

    penfriends.约翰和安都有笔友。

    The

    museum

    is

    between

    the

    post

    office

    and

    the

    hospital.

    博物馆位于邮局和医院之间。

    I

    love

    autumn

    because

    it

    s

    nice

    and

    cool.我喜爱秋天,因为它很凉爽。

    篇2:不定代词用法总结

    不定代词用法总结 本文关键词:代词,用法

    不定代词用法总结 本文简介:不定代词总结一、不定代词some与any的用法区别一般说来,不定代词some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用some而不用any:Wouldyoulikesomecake?吃点蛋糕吗?Whynotbuysomebread?为什么不买些面包呢

    不定代词用法总结 本文内容:

    不定代词总结

    一、不定代词

    some

    any

    的用法区别

    一般说来,不定代词some

    用于肯定句中,any

    用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用

    some

    而不用any:

    Would

    you

    like

    some

    cake?

    吃点蛋糕吗?

    Why

    not

    buy

    some

    bread?

    为什么不买些面包呢?

    Shall

    I

    get

    some

    chalk

    for

    you?

    要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗?

    【说明】不定代词any

    有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”:

    Any

    colour

    will

    do.

    任何颜色都行。Come

    any

    day

    you

    like.

    随便哪天来都可以。

    二、不定代词

    many

    much

    的用法以及区别

    不定代词many

    much

    都表示“许多”,但

    many

    修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与

    few(少数)相对;而

    much

    用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中:

    Did

    you

    see

    many

    people

    there?

    你在那儿看见许多人了吗?

    We

    don’t

    have

    much

    time.

    我们没有许多时间。

    Much

    work

    has

    been

    done.

    许多工作都已经做了。

    You’ve

    given

    me

    too

    much.

    你已给我太多了。

    Take

    as

    many

    (much)

    as

    you

    want.

    你要多少拿多少。

    I

    asked

    her

    a

    great

    many

    questions.

    我问了她许多问题。

    辨析:too

    much;much

    too;

    too

    many

    1、too

    much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如:

    Is

    watching

    TV

    too

    much

    good

    or

    bad

    for

    your

    health?电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害?

    You

    ve

    given

    me

    too

    much.你给我的太多了.

    We

    ve

    had

    too

    much

    rain

    lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了.

    2、much

    too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如:

    He

    drove

    much

    too

    fast.他开车开得太快了.

    It

    is

    much

    too

    cold.天实在太冷了.

    3、too

    many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如:

    They

    built

    too

    many

    buildings

    last

    year.去年他们建了许多楼房.

    三、either、neither的用法以及区别

    1、用作副词。either也(不),用于否定句中。

    如:I

    don’t

    like

    fishing,David

    doesn’t

    like

    fishing,either.我不喜欢钓鱼,大卫也不喜欢。

    neither也不;用于肯定句,表示否定含义。如:

    He

    can’t

    swim,and

    neither

    /

    nor

    can

    I.

    他不会游泳,我也不会。

    2、用作代词。范围多限定于两者之间,常用作主语。either

    of

    和neither

    of

    +名词/代词的复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

    either表示“二者之一”;neither

    表示“两者都不”,其反义词是both。

    如:Either

    of

    the

    knives

    is

    useful.两把刀都有用。

    Neither

    of

    them

    was

    in

    good

    health,but

    both

    worked

    very

    hard.他们两人身体都不好,但都努力地工作。

    3、用作连词:either…or…不是……就是……neither…nor…既不……也不……常用来连接两个并列成分,如并列主语、并列谓语等。谓语动词保持就近原则,与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

    但应注意以下几点:

    1.无论either…or…还是neither…nor…,若连接两个单数数名词/代词作主语,后面动词用单数。

    Either

    Mary

    or

    Lucy

    is

    coming.不是玛丽来,就是露西来。

    2.若连接两个复数名词/代词作主语,后面动词用复数。Neither

    my

    parents

    nor

    my

    grandparents

    are

    coming.

    我的父母不来,我的爷爷奶奶也不来。

    3.如果一个单数名词/代词和一个复数名词/代词一起作主语时,动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致。(就近原则)

    Either

    my

    parents

    or

    Lucy

    is

    coming.不是我的父母来,就是露西来。

    四、all,both的用法以及区别,两者表示“都”,“全部”。

    (1)

    both指两个人或物,而all指三个以上的人或物,在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或定语。

    Both

    of

    us

    want

    to

    go.

    我们两人都想去。

    All

    of

    us

    should

    work

    hard.我们都应努力工作。

    (2)

    both和all都可直接修饰名词;名词前如有限定词时,其前只能用both

    of或all

    of。

    Both

    brothers

    are

    clever.

    兄弟俩都聪明。

    Both

    of

    the

    books

    are

    useful.两本书都有用。

    (3)

    both和all在句中的位置是位于be动词之后,行为动词之前,如有情态动词或助动词,则位于情态动词或助动词与主动词之间。

    We

    are

    all

    here.

    我们都来了。

    五、The

    other,others,the

    others,another它们的用法现归纳如下:

    1.

    Other可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”。

    如:

    Do

    you

    have

    any

    other

    question(s)?

    你还有其他问题吗?

    Ask

    some

    other

    people.

    问问别人吧!

    Put

    it

    in

    your

    other

    hand.

    把它放在你另一只手里。

    2.

    The

    other指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用the

    other,不能用another,此时的other作代词。

    如:

    He

    has

    two

    daughters.

    One

    is

    a

    nurse,the

    other

    is

    a

    worker.

    他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人。

    The

    other后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词,此时的other作形容词。

    如:

    On

    the

    other

    side

    of

    the

    street,there

    is

    a

    tall

    tree.

    在街道的另一边,有一棵大树。

    Mary

    is

    much

    taller

    than

    the

    other

    girls.

    玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。He

    lives

    on

    the

    other

    side

    of

    the

    river.

    他住在河的对岸。

    3.

    Others是other的复数形式,泛指“另外几个”,“其余的”。在句中可作主语、宾语。

    如:

    Some

    of

    us

    like

    singing

    and

    dancing,others

    go

    in

    for

    sports.

    我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动。

    Give

    me

    some

    others,please.

    请给我别的东西吧!

    There

    are

    no

    others.

    没有别的了。

    4.

    The

    others意思是“其他东西,其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的(人或物)”。是the

    other的复数形式。

    如:

    Two

    boys

    will

    go

    to

    the

    zoo,and

    the

    others

    will

    stay

    at

    home.

    两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里。

    the

    others=the

    other

    复数名词

    六、every

    和each

    1)

    every

    强调全体的概念,

    each强调个体概念。

    Every

    student

    in

    our

    school

    works

    hard.

    我们学校的学生都很用功。

    Each

    student

    may

    have

    one

    book

    每个学生都可有一本书。

    2)

    every

    指三个以上的人或物(含三个),each指两个以上的人或物

    (含两个)。

    3)

    every

    只作形容词,不可单独使用。each可作代词或形容词。

    Every

    student

    has

    to

    take

    one.

    Each

    boy

    has

    to

    take

    one.

    Each

    of

    the

    boys

    has

    to

    take

    one.

    4)

    every

    与not

    连用,表示部分否定;

    each

    和not连用表示全部否定。

    Every

    man

    is

    not

    honest.

    并非每个人都诚实。

    Each

    man

    is

    not

    honest.

    这儿每个人都不诚实。

    七、不定代词

    few,a

    few

    little,a

    little的用法区别

    1.

    不定代词few

    a

    few后接可数名词的复数形式。few

    表示数量很少或几乎没有,强调“少”,含有否定意义;

    a

    few

    表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意义:

    It

    is

    very

    difficult,and

    few

    people

    understand

    it.

    它很难,没有几个人能懂。

    It

    is

    very

    difficult,but

    a

    few

    people

    understand

    it.

    他虽难,但是有些人懂。

    2.

    little

    a

    little

    之后接不可数名词,其区别跟

    few

    a

    few

    之间的区别相似:

    Unfortunately,I

    had

    little

    money

    on

    me.

    很不巧,我身上没带什么钱。

    Fortunately,I

    had

    a

    little

    money

    on

    me.

    幸好我身上带着一点钱。

    不定代词总结

    一、指两者和三者的不定代词

    有些不定代词用于指两者(如both,either,neither),有的不定代词用于指三者(如all,any,none,every),注意不要弄混:

    Both

    of

    my

    parents

    are

    doctors.

    我的父母都是医生。

    All

    of

    the

    students

    are

    interested

    in

    it.

    所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。

    There

    are

    trees

    on

    any

    side

    of

    the

    square.

    广场的每一边都种有树。

    He

    has

    two

    sons,neither

    of

    whom

    is

    rich.

    他有两个儿子,都不富有。

    He

    has

    three

    sons,none

    of

    whom

    is

    rich.

    他有三个儿子,都不富有。

    【说明】each

    可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而

    every

    只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用

    each,不能用

    every。如不能说

    There

    are

    trees

    on

    every

    side

    of

    the

    road.

    二、复合不定代词的用法特点

    复合不定代词包括

    something,somebody,someone,anything,anybody,anyone,nothing,nobody,no

    one,everything,everybody,everyone

    等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。

    something,someone

    等和

    anything,anyone等的区别与

    some

    any

    的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见

    any

    &

    some)。

    具体使用时应注意以下几点:

    1.

    复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面:

    There

    is

    nothing

    wrong

    with

    the

    radio.

    这收音机没有毛病。

    Have

    you

    seen

    anyone

    [anybody]

    famous?

    你见过名人吗?

    2.

    指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数

    he,him,his

    (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词

    they,them,their:

    Everyone

    knows

    this,doesn’t

    he

    [don’t

    they]?

    人人都知道这一点,不是吗?

    If

    anybody

    [anyone]

    comes,ask

    him

    [them]

    to

    wait.

    要是有人来,让他等着。

    3.

    指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用

    it,而不用

    they:

    Everything

    is

    ready,isn’t

    it?

    一切都准备好了,是吗?

    4.

    不定代词anyone,everyone

    等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of

    短语。若是指物或后接

    of

    短语,可用

    any

    one,every

    one

    (分开写):

    any

    one

    of

    the

    boys’

    (books)

    孩子们(书)当中的任何一(本)

    every

    one

    of

    the

    students

    ‘(schools)

    每一个学生(一所学校)

    5

    篇3:英语中六大从句用法总结

    英语中六大从句用法总结 本文关键词:从句,英语,用法,中六大

    英语中六大从句用法总结 本文简介:英语中六大从句用法总结1.定语从句定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词,也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系词在从句中的成分修饰的先行词可否省略关系代词that主语或宾语人、物作宾语时可省略which主语或宾语物作宾语时可省略who、whom、whose主语

    英语中六大从句用法总结 本文内容:

    英语中六大从句用法总结

    1.定语从句

    定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词,也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导。

    关系词

    在从句中的成分

    修饰的先行词

    可否省略

    关系代词

    that

    主语或宾语

    人、物

    作宾语时可省略

    which

    主语或宾语

    作宾语时可省略

    who、whom、whose

    主语、宾语和定语

    作宾语时可省略

    关系副词

    when、where、why

    时间状语、地点状语、原因

    时间、地点、原因

    一般可省略限制性定语从句

    限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of

    which;which用于指物;that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了引导定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。

    The

    computers

    and

    cables

    which

    make

    up

    the

    Internet

    are

    owned

    by

    people

    and

    organizations.

    Those

    who

    live

    alone

    or

    who

    are

    sick

    may

    have

    trouble

    in

    getting

    close

    to

    other

    people.

    The

    girl

    whose

    parents

    died

    in

    an

    accident

    is

    living

    with

    her

    grandmother.

    1)当先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词最高级修饰时,只能用关系代词that引导从句。

    That

    is

    all

    that

    I

    ve

    heard

    from

    him.

    He

    s

    the

    first

    person

    that

    I

    m

    going

    to

    interview

    this

    afternoon.

    2)关系代词的省略

    在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时不可用that,只可用which或whom引导从句,并且不可省略,但当介词位于宾语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that,也可省略。

    This

    is

    one

    of

    those

    things

    with

    which

    we

    have

    to

    put

    up.

    This

    is

    one

    of

    those

    things

    (which/that)

    we

    have

    to

    put

    up

    with.

    3)引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语,意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。

    Even

    in

    comic

    books

    where(=in

    which)

    there

    are

    no

    words,the

    stories

    are

    fully

    expressed

    through

    the

    drawings.

    No

    one

    knows

    the

    reason

    why(=for

    which)

    he

    was

    so

    angry

    that

    day.非限制性定语从句

    非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响。不可用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。

    Every

    object

    has

    a

    gravitational

    pull,which

    is

    rather

    like

    magnetism.“介词+which/whom/whose”引导的定语从句

    “介词+which/whom/whose”可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句,该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配,或先行词的习惯搭配。

    This

    is

    the

    computer

    on

    which

    he

    spent

    all

    his

    savings

    It

    is

    written

    by

    a

    person

    with

    whom

    we

    are

    all

    familiar.as引导的定语从句

    as引导的定语从句主要用于“such.as”及“the

    same.as”的结构中,代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。

    These

    are

    not

    such

    problems

    as

    can

    be

    easily

    solved.(as代替先行词problems)

    As

    is

    mentioned

    above,no

    single

    company

    or

    group

    can

    control

    what

    happens

    on

    the

    Internet.(as代替主语)

    2.主语从句

    1)主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有:It

    is

    a

    fact/a

    pity/a

    question/good

    news

    that.It

    seems/appears/happened/has

    turned

    out

    that.It

    is

    clear/important/likely/possible

    that.It

    is

    said/reported/estimated/has

    been

    proved

    that.

    It

    is

    said

    that

    comic

    books

    create

    a

    connection

    between

    people

    of

    the

    same

    generation.

    It

    seems

    that

    the

    performance

    is

    very

    useful.

    2)what引导的主语从句表示“.的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语。

    What

    we

    lack

    is

    experience.

    3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们引导的主语从句,都用陈述语序。

    How

    the

    plan

    is

    to

    be

    carried

    out

    should

    be

    discussed

    again.

    I

    did

    know

    why

    I

    felt

    like

    crying.

    3.宾语从句

    1)宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in

    that(因为),except

    that(除了),but

    that(只是)已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。I

    promised

    that

    I

    would

    change

    the

    situation.All

    this

    is

    different

    from

    what

    American

    young

    people

    would

    say

    about

    friendship.He

    is

    certain

    that

    watching

    so

    much

    television

    is

    not

    good

    for

    children.This

    article

    is

    well-written

    except

    that

    it

    is

    a

    bit

    too

    long.

    2)关于宾语从句连词的选择:

    1

    若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;

    2

    若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if

    或whether;

    3

    若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如

    what,who,where,when等)They

    believe

    that

    the

    computer

    will

    finally

    take

    the

    place

    of

    human

    beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。)

    (从句本来就是陈述句)

    I

    wonder

    whether

    I

    should

    say

    something

    for

    him

    to

    the

    headmaster.

    (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。)

    (从句来源于一般问句Shall

    I

    say

    something

    for

    him

    to

    the

    headmaster?)He

    asked

    me

    where

    he

    could

    get

    such

    medicine.

    (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。)

    (从句来源于特殊问句Where

    can

    he

    get

    such

    medicine?

    )

    3)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。

    He

    has

    made

    it

    clear

    that

    he

    would

    not

    change

    his

    mind.

    4)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中,如果谓语是否定的,一般将否定词移至主句谓语上,宾语从句则变成肯定形式。

    He

    didn

    t

    think

    that

    the

    money

    was

    well

    spent.

    4.表语从句

    在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句,它位于主句中的系动词之后。表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as

    if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句,不可用because.Perhaps

    the

    most

    important

    thing

    to

    remember

    is

    that

    there

    is

    no

    one

    common

    type

    of

    life

    in

    America.The

    reason

    why

    so

    many

    people

    died

    there

    is

    that

    there

    were

    not

    enough

    food

    supplies.It

    looks

    as

    if

    successful

    international

    cultural

    communication

    will

    make

    the

    world

    smaller.

    5.同位语从句

    同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that引导,由于先行名词的意义不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。常见的先行词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短,将同位语从句位于谓语之后。

    She

    finally

    made

    the

    decision

    that

    she

    would

    join

    the

    fashion

    show.

    I

    had

    no

    idea

    how

    many

    books

    I

    could

    borrow

    at

    a

    time.

    The

    news

    came

    that

    their

    team

    had

    won

    the

    championship.

    6.状语从句时间状语从句

    引导时间状语从句的从属连词和词组有:

    1)when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。

    We

    have

    learnt

    quite

    a

    lot

    about

    it

    since

    we

    came

    here.

    2)as

    soon

    as,hardly(scarcely).when,no

    sooner.than,each(every)

    time,the

    moment,immediately(that)等。

    As

    soon

    as

    I

    sent

    an

    e-mail

    message,I

    received

    positive

    responses.

    The

    moment

    he

    heard

    the

    good

    news,he

    jumped

    with

    joy.地点状语从句

    引导地点状语从句的连词是where,wherever.

    Wherever

    she

    went,she

    took

    her

    little

    daughter

    with

    her.原因、结果和目的状语从句

    1)引导原因状语从句的从属连词有:because,as,since,now(that),seeing

    that,considering

    that,in

    that等。

    Considering

    that

    he

    is

    a

    freshman,we

    must

    say

    he

    is

    doing

    well.

    2)引导结果状语从句的连词有:so.that,such.that,so

    that,that,so等。

    Mickey

    Mouse

    is

    so

    attractive

    that

    the

    children

    are

    reluctant

    to

    leave.

    3)引导目的状语从句的连词有:so

    that,in

    order

    that,for

    fear

    that,lest等,从句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情态动词。

    We

    got

    up

    early

    this

    morning

    so

    that

    we

    could

    catch

    the

    first

    bus

    to

    the

    railway

    station.条件和让步状语从句

    1)引导条件状语从句的连词和词组有if,unless,as(so)

    long

    as,on

    condition

    that,in

    case,provided(providing)

    that,supposing等。

    As

    long

    as

    you

    have

    the

    right

    equipment,you

    can

    use

    a

    telephone

    line

    to

    transmit

    computer

    data.

    2)引导让步状语从句的连词和词组有though,although,whether,even

    though,even

    if,no

    matter

    what(when,how.),whatever(whenever,wherever,however)等。though,even

    if等引导状语从句可转换成含有as的部分倒装结构,具有强调意义。其结构为“形容词(副词、动词、名词)+as+主语+谓语”。

    No

    matter

    what

    you

    may

    say,I

    would

    not

    change

    my

    mind.

    Young

    as

    he

    is,he

    is

    quite

    experienced

    in

    this

    work.(=though

    he

    is

    young)

    Child

    as

    he

    is,he

    can

    speak

    English

    fluently.(=though

    he

    is

    a

    child)方式状语从句

    引导方式状语从句的连词有as,just

    as,as

    if,as

    though等。as

    if,as

    though引导的状语从句中,谓语动词常用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。

    The

    young

    man

    made

    the

    experiment

    just

    as

    the

    teacher

    had

    taught

    him.

    Everything

    went

    on

    as

    usual

    as

    if

    nothing

    had

    happened.

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